This study investigates the sources and impacts of particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM_2.5) resulting from forest fires in Central Kalimantan using an integrated approach. Employing the WRF-HYSPLIT inline model and satellite instruments, such as GEMS, SNPP, MODIS and VIIRS, we aimed to identify PM_2.5 sources and understand their spatial distribution.

This study compares over 1 million 1-min near surface air temperature (n = 516,334) and relative humidity (n = 516,717) measurements from two separate, distinct, weather stations at Camden Airport (NSW), Australia. The analysis shows that for most circumstances the measurements at the two stations can be considered equivalent, with mean annual, seasonal and diurnal biases well within the expanded instrument uncertainty. Urban climatologists, modellers and forecasters can use meteorological observations from the NSW air quality networks in their research and operations with confidence.