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Crop and Pasture Science Crop and Pasture Science Society
Plant sciences, sustainable farming systems and food quality

Volume 74 Number 5 2023

CP22240Genetic monitoring of Indian rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars over decadal periods employing gene-specific markers and yield component traits

Kunuthuru Maneesha, Mondem Bhargavi, Darsha Manjula Withanawasam, Penumalli Shanthi, Madhavilatha Kommana, Keerthi Issa, Lavanya Kumari Padherla, Roja Veeraghattapu, Md Aminul Islam, Bhaben Tanti 0000-0002-7594-4562, Sudhakar Palagiri and Lakshminarayana Reddy Vemireddy 0000-0002-9452-8492
pp. 393-404

Trends of decade-wise genetic diversity were assessed in popular Indian rice genotypes released from the 1970s to 2010s, using gene-specific markers and key yield and yield- contributing traits. Genetic diversity showed a downward trend from landraces to the 2010s using both gene-specific markers and phenotypic data, although with slight deviations among various decades. This study reinforces the need for regular assessment of temporal trends in genetic diversity to meet future food demands while conserving on-farm crop diversity.

CP22213Vernalisation and photoperiod responses of diverse wheat genotypes

Maxwell T. Bloomfield 0000-0002-0064-2332, Corinne Celestina 0000-0003-0840-9276, James R. Hunt 0000-0003-2884-5622, Neil Huth, Bangyou Zheng, Hamish Brown, Zhigan Zhao, Enli Wang, Katia Stefanova, Jessica Hyles, Tina Rathjen and Ben Trevaskis
pp. 405-422

Wheat is the main crop grown in Australia, and accounts for approximately one-third of global caloric intake. Wheat cultivars have broad genetic diversity in their response to the environmental cues of temperature and daylength. Quantifying the interactions of cultivars with environment is important to improve understanding and provide data to predict crop development in cropping models.

CP22373Allelochemicals extract of star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) modulates wheat growth through alterations in anatomical architecture

Syed Mohsan Raza Shah, Sana Fatima, Mansoor Hameed 0000-0002-5617-5243, Sana Basharat, Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad 0000-0002-7310-2898, Farooq Ahmad, Ansa Asghar, Majid Anwar, Fozia Yasmin, Muhammad Ashraf and Jazab Shafqat
pp. 423-437

Wheat lines were treated with allelochemicals extracted from A. carambola. A low treatment concentration led to increased root area, accompanied by a high proportion of storage parenchyma tissues, and enlarged vascular bundles. Using a high extract concentration, root cortical parenchyma collapsed while stem chlorenchyma was transformed to sclerenchyma. Line 7076 responded differently, as it possessed an enlarged root cortical proportion, enlarged stem vascular bundles and increased leaf thickness. A low concentration (15%) of leaf extract promoted growth, whereas a higher concentration (30%) caused significant reduction in morpho-anatomical traits.

CP22251Improved soil fertility, plant nutrition and grain yield of soybean and millet following maize intercropped with forage grasses and crotalaria in the Brazilian savanna

Lucélia de Cássia Rodrigues de Brito 0000-0001-5137-9610, Henrique Antunes de Souza, Raimundo Bezerra de Araújo Neto, Diógenes Manoel Pedroza de Azevedo, Edvaldo Sagrilo, Renato Falconeres Vogado, Suzane Pereira Carvalho, Ane Caroline de Melo Ferreira and Michel André Cavigelli
pp. 438-448

The sustainability of grain production systems is especially challenging under tropical conditions, where high temperatures and moisture in the rainy season accelerate biogeochemical processes and soil degradation. Despite the lack of technological options for enabling sustainable grain production systems in agricultural frontiers, in this study, we showed that intercropping maize with braquiaria and crotalaria increases soil microbial activity, nutrient cycling, and grain yield of subsequent soybean and millet crops. Our results have provided a feasible option for sustainable grain production systems in eastern Maranhão.


Understanding the genetic basis of seed weight might lead to improvement in soybean yield and seed appearance quality by optimising different genes or alleles controlling seed weight. In this study, using the progenies of a cross between cultivated and wild soybeans including a BC4F2 population, a heterogeneous inbred family population, and a pair of near-isogenic lines, a seed weight QTL, qSW17.1, was validated and characterised, and its candidate gene Glyma.17G108500 was mined.

CP22347Overexpression of rice acyl-CoA-binding protein OsACBP5 protects Brassica napus against seedling infection by fungal phytopathogens

Saritha Panthapulakkal Narayanan 0000-0003-4480-5233, Aruni Y. Alahakoon, Candace E. Elliott, Derek Russell, Paul W. J. Taylor, Clive Lo and Mee-Len Chye 0000-0003-3505-3674
pp. 459-469

Oilseed rape is the second largest oilseed crop in the world; and with an increase in oilseed rape cultivation worldwide there is a corresponding threat of elevated disease incidences arising from various phytopathogens. Fungal pathogens pose severe threats to the yield of oilseed rape crops, whereas bacterial and viral pathogens have very little effect. In this paper, we have successfully generated transgenic oilseed rape plants that are resistant to early infection from various fungal pathogens.

CP22275Productivity assessment of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) germplasm from Serbia

Aleksandra D. Ilic 0000-0002-4185-2811, Miroslav Z. Zoric, Dalibor B. Živanov, Sladana S. Medic-Pap and Mirjana A. Vasic
pp. 470-482

Diversity of common bean from Serbia was investigated. Substantial diversity was found in terms of agronomic value, corroborated by genetic and morphological variability. Information on variation in bean shape, size and productivity suggests suitability for different types of cultivation and use, and should ensure conservation and further research of this germplasm.

CP22306Soil physicochemical characteristics and leaf nutrient contents on banana farms of North Queensland, Australia

Ryan Orr 0000-0002-7015-350X, Tobin D. Northfield 0000-0002-0563-485X, Anthony Pattison and Paul N. Nelson
pp. 483-493

Banana production in tropical Australia faces challenges including costs of production, disease and pests, and environmental impacts, but the range of variation in soil and banana nutrient status among farms has not been systematically described. We found soil and leaf nutrition vary between growing sub-regions due to soil formation but this is not considered in regulation. Our findings could facilitate efficient research, extension, monitoring and regulation regarding banana production- and environment-related issues.


White clover is a widely grown legume and of particular interest as a forage and pasture crop due to its high nutritional value. Besides this, the ability to produce hydrogen cyanide, a toxic chemical compound involved in herbivore defence, represents a trait which entails advantages and disadvantages for agricultural practice. Plants producing this compound differ in growth from those not producing it, indicating the potential to integrate the linkage of this chemical trait with plant growth into future selection for breeding.

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