The role of decomposer communities in managing surface fuels: a neglected ecosystem service
H. Gibb A * , J. J. Grubb A , O. Decker
A , N. Murphy A , A. E. Franks A and J. L. Wood A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Research Centre for Future Landscapes, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Vic. 3086, Australia.
* Correspondence to: h.gibb@latrobe.edu.au
International Journal of Wildland Fire 31(4) 350-368 https://doi.org/10.1071/WF21112
Submitted: 14 September 2020 Accepted: 18 February 2022 Published: 7 April 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing on behalf of IAWF. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY).
Abstract
Surface fuel loads are a key driver of forest fires and the target of hazard reduction burns to reduce fire risk. However, the role of biota in decomposition, or feedbacks between fire and decomposer communities are rarely considered. We review the evidence that decomposer organisms play an important role in surface fuel regulation and how this role is affected by fire. First, we outline the contribution of decomposer organisms to the breakdown of surface fuels. Next, we consider the three distinct phases through which fire regulates decomposer communities and how this may affect decomposition and future fire regimes. Finally, we consider interactions between global change and decomposer–fire feedbacks and the implications for fire management. Evidence indicates that decomposer organisms are important in regulating surface fuels and we propose that the biological basis and dynamic nature of fuel load control require greater attention. This includes better understanding of functional redundancy among decomposer organisms, the impacts of global change on the biota that drive decomposition and the factors that limit decomposer persistence and recolonisation following fires. By filling these knowledge gaps, we will be better armed to conserve and manage these functionally critical taxa in fire-prone ecosystems in a changing world.
Keywords: biodiversity, climate change, dead wood, decomposition, ecosystems, fuel, invertebrates, leaf litter.
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