Diversity in growth and longevity in short-lived animals: squid of the suborder Oegopsina
Alexander I. ArkhipkinFalkland Islands Government Fisheries Department, PO Box 598, Stanley, Falkland Islands. Email: aarkhipkin@fisheries.gov.fk
Marine and Freshwater Research 55(4) 341-355 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF03202
Submitted: 16 December 2003 Accepted: 29 March 2004 Published: 22 June 2004
Abstract
This article is an overview of age and growth studies of squid belonging to the suborder Oegopsina, which includes the majority (~215) of squid species inhabiting offshore waters of the continental shelves and pelagic waters of the world ocean. Three main periods in the history of age and growth studies of oegopsin squid are identified. A brief history of the different methods applied to study oegopsin age and growth is presented. The lifespan of oegopsin squid varies from almost 3 months in small pelagic tropical species to 2 years in polar and deepwater species. Generally, the lifespan of similar-sized oegopsin squid increases with latitude. Growth of the majority of oegopsin squid is best described by one of the asymptotic growth functions, but some tropical squid are characterised by non-asymptotic growth. Many aspects of growth variability are discussed, such as ontogenetic, sexual, intra-specific, geographical, inter-annual and inter-specific variations. The fast growth rates of oegopsin squid give them the advantage of passing quickly through the most vulnerable first trophic levels of the oceanic food web, enabling them to compete successfully with nektonic fishes.
Extra keywords: ageing techniques, statoliths.
Acknowledgments
I would like to thank my colleagues in the Atlantic Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (AtlantNIRO, Kaliningrad, Russia), All-Russian Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO, Moscow, Russia) and Fisheries Department of the Falkland Islands Government (Stanley, Falkland Islands) for their invaluable help in studies of age and growth of oegosid squid from the different parts of the world ocean. My sincere thanks are expressed to my scientific teacher in cephalopod biology, Dr Chingiz Nigmatullin (AtlantNIRO, Kaliningrad, Russia), who suggested the subject of my work and spent much time supervising, directing and discussing my projects. I am indebted to the late Dr Kir Nesis (Institute of Oceanography, Moscow) for fruitful discussions of many aspects of cephalopod age and growth. I thank Dr Paul Brickle (Fisheries Department, Stanley, Falkland Islands) and Professor Ian Gleadall (Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Sendai, Japan) for their time editing this paper, and Dr David Middleton (Fisheries Department, Stanley, Falkland Islands) for preparation of figures with maps. Valuable comments of four reviewers greatly improved the earlier version of the manuscript. Some parts of this study came from my PhD Thesis (Candidate in Biological Sciences), which I defended successfully in the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanography, Moscow in 1989.
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