Palmitic acid-enriched fat supplementation alleviates negative production responses during early lactation of Holstein dairy cows
Hani M. El-Zaiat
A B D , Dyaaeldin Mohamed A C and Sobhy M. Sallam A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Aflaton Street, El-Shatby, Alexandria 21545, Egypt.
B Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al-Khod 123, Oman.
C LAMAR Farm, ElNasr Canal, West Nubaria Km 75, Cairo, Alexandria Desert Road, Egypt.
D Corresponding author. Email: hani.elzaiat@alexu.edu.eg
Animal Production Science 60(13) 1598-1606 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18526
Submitted: 31 August 2018 Accepted: 29 January 2020 Published: 20 April 2020
Abstract
Effects of rumen-protected fat (RPF) on suppressing the negative performance responses in early lactation period of Holstein dairy cows were investigated. Three hundred multiparous Holstein cows (647 ± 16 kg bodyweight and 90 days in milk (DIM)) were randomly housed into three free-stall barns (100 cows per barn) and assigned to the treatments for 90 days, as follows: (1) control (CTL) diet without RPF; (2) calcium salt of palm fatty acids (CaFA) 30 g/kg DM, and (3) fractionated fatty acids of palm oil (FFA) 25 g/kg DM. Cows were fed total mixed ration containing 580 g of concentrate and 420 g of roughage per kilogram DM. Cows fed FFA exhibited a higher (P < 0.05) DM intake and body condition score than did those fed CaFA or CTL diets respectively. Moreover, cows fed the FFA diet showed decreased (P < 0.05) changes to bodyweight at 30 DIM and to body condition score at 60 DIM and increased digestibility of ether extract and neutral detergent fibre. Blood concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol and glucose were higher (P < 0.05) for cows fed FFA diet than for those fed the other diets, between 4 and 30 DIM, whereas concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyric acid and urine ketones were lower for cows fed RPF sources (P < 0.05). Relative to CTL diet, CaFA and FFA diets increased (P < 0.05) milk yield and milk fat content at 4–30 DIM. Feeding FFA improved feed efficiency by 8.9% (P = 0.006), between 31 and 60 DIM, compared with CaFA. Inclusion of a palmitic acid-enriched fat supplement in Holstein cow diet increased milk yield and fat content and mitigated the deleterious effects of metabolic disorders during the early lactation period.
Additional keywords: early lactation, Holstein cows, lactation performance, palmitic acid-enriched fat.
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