Intake, digestibility and feeding behaviour of grazing dairy cows supplemented with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) residue
A. M. Zanine A , A. A. Fonseca B , M. D. Ribeiro C , F. P. Leonel D , D. J. Ferreira A , A. L. Souza B , F. G. Silva B , R. A. Correa B , F. M. Negrão B and R. M. A. Pinho A EA Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Departamento de Zootecnia, Rodovia BR 222, km 4, s/n, CEP 65500-000, Chapadinha, MA, Brazil.
B Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), Departamento de Zootecnia, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, no 2.367, Bairro Boa Esperança, CEP 78060-900, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
C Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Departamento de Zootecnia, Avenida Esperança, s/n, CEP 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
D Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Departamento de Zootecnia, Avenida Visconde do Rio Preto, s/n, CEP 36301-360, São João Del-Rei, MG, Brazil.
E Corresponding author. Email: ricardo-zootec@hotmail.com
Animal Production Science 60(13) 1607-1613 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18498
Submitted: 14 August 2018 Accepted: 10 February 2020 Published: 30 April 2020
Abstract
Context: In Brazil, dairy cattle pasture-based systems use grass pasture as the main feed source, with little or no supplementation. However, it is necessary to invest in nutritional technologies that allow dairy cattle systems to produce milk with a high protein and energy content, and better total bacterial counts at low costs.
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding a common bean residue (CBR) to cattle diets on feed intake, digestibility and feeding behaviour of lactating dairy cows.
Methods: Eight lactating Holstein × Zebu crossbred cows, with an average bodyweight of 500 ± 30 kg (mean ± s.d.) and a mean daily milk yield of 13 ± 2 kg/cow were randomly assigned in a double 4 × 4 Latin square. The treatments consisted of four increasing levels of CBR (134, 240, 348 and 449 g/kg) in the concentrate.
Key results: The inclusion of CBR linearly decreased (P ≤ 0.034) the DM intake and neutral detergent fibre intake of pasture, sugarcane and the total diet. The inclusion of CBR did not affect (P ≥ 0.111) grazing, rumination or idle time. The feeding efficiency in kg DM/h and kg neutral detergent fibre corrected for ash and protein/h linearly decreased (P < 0.001), with an estimated decrease of 39.1 and 23.4 g/h respectively for every 10 g/kg of CBR added to the concentrate. The number of boluses per day and the time spent per ruminated bolus were not affected (P ≥ 0.086) by CBR inclusion.
Conclusions: The results obtained in this study indicate that the inclusion of up to 240 g/kg of CBR to the diets of lactating dairy cows with a mean daily milk yield of 13 kg, managed on pastures, is recommended.
Implications: The use of CBR, which has high availability in several countries, may be an alternative to supplying small ruminants.
Additional keywords: animal nutrition, feed conversion efficiency, grazing management, pasture, supplementation.
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