Critique of Sikkink and Keane's comparison of surface fuel sampling techniques
Clinton S. Wright A B , Roger D. Ottmar A and Robert E. Vihnanek A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences Laboratory, 400 North 34th, Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103, USA.
B Corresponding author. Email: cwright@fs.fed.us
International Journal of Wildland Fire 19(3) 374-376 https://doi.org/10.1071/WF09084
Submitted: 29 July 2009 Accepted: 15 December 2009 Published: 13 May 2010
Abstract
The 2008 paper of Sikkink and Keane compared several methods to estimate surface fuel loading in western Montana: two widely used inventory techniques (planar intersect and fixed-area plot) and three methods that employ photographs as visual guides (photoload, photoload macroplot and photo series). We feel, however, that their study design was inadequate to evaluate the accuracy of these methods when measured against a series of reference sites. Incorrect use may have contributed to the authors' inferences that the photo series method was the least accurate in this case. Furthermore, sampling efficiency was not adequately taken into account when evaluating overall efficacy of the five methods studied.
Additional keywords: fuel inventory techniques, photo series.
References
Blonski KS, Schramel JL (1981) Photo series for quantifying natural forest residues: southern Cascades, northern Sierra Nevada. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report PSW-56. (Albany, CA)
Fischer WC (1981a) Photo guide for appraising downed woody fuels in Montana forests: grand fir–larch–Douglas-fir, western hemlock, western hemlock–western redcedar, and western redcedar cover types. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report INT-96. (Ogden, UT)
Fischer WC (1981b) Photo guide for appraising downed woody fuels in Montana forests: interior ponderosa pine, ponderosa pine–larch–Douglas-fir, larch–Douglas-fir, and interior Douglas-fir cover types. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station General, Technical Report INT-97. (Ogden, UT)
Fischer WC (1981c) Photo guide for appraising downed woody fuels in Montana forests: lodgepole pine, and Engelmann spruce–subalpine fir cover types. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report INT-98. (Ogden, UT)
Fischer WC (1981d) Photo guides for appraising downed woody fuels in Montana forests: how they were made. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Research Note INT-299. (Ogden, UT)
Freese F (1962) Elementary forest sampling. USDA Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 232. (Washington, DC)
Husch B, Miller CI, Beers TW (1982) ‘Forest Mensuration.’ 3rd edn. (Wiley: New York)
Keane RE, Dickinson LJ (2007) Development and evaluation of the photoload sampling technique. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Research Paper RMRS-RP-61CD. (Fort Collins, CO)
Koski WH, Fischer WC (1979) Photo series for appraising thinning slash in north Idaho: western hemlock, grand fir, and western redcedar timber types. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report INT-46. (Ogden, UT)
Maxwell WG, Ward FR (1976) Photo series for quantifying forest residues in the ponderosa pine type, ponderosa pine and associated species type, and lodgepole pine type. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report PNW-52. (Portland, OR)
Maxwell WG, Ward FR (1980) Photo series for quantifying natural forest residues in common vegetation types of the Pacific Northwest. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report PNW-105. (Portland, OR)
Ottmar RD, Vihnanek RE, Wright CS (1998) Stereo photo series for quantifying natural fuels. Volume I: mixed-conifer with mortality, western juniper, sagebrush, and grassland types in the interior Pacific Northwest. National Wildfire Coordinating Group, National Interagency Fire Center PMS 830. (Boise, ID)
Ottmar RD, Vihnanek RE, Wright CS (2007) Stereo photo series for quantifying natural fuels. Volume X: sagebrush with grass and ponderosa pine–juniper types in central Montana. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-719. (Portland, OR)
Sikkink PG , Keane RE
(2008) A comparison of five sampling techniques to estimate surface fuel loading in montane forests. International Journal of Wildland Fire 17, 363–379.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Wright CS, Ottmar RD, Vihnanek RE (2006) Stereo photo series for quantifying natural fuels. Volume VIII: hardwood, pitch pine, and red spruce/balsam fir types in the north-eastern United States. National Wildfire Coordinating Group, National Interagency Fire Center PMS 840. (Boise, ID)