The phenology of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Dehnh, 1832) and Eucalyptus coolabah (Blakely & Jacobs, 1934) in the northern Murray–Darling Basin and implications for recruitment on floodplains

Janice Kerr; Douglas Harding; James Fawcett; Andrea Prior

doi:10.1071/MF24034

RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

Previous Next Contents Vol 75(12)

The phenology of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Dehnh, 1832) and Eucalyptus coolabah (Blakely & Jacobs, 1934) in the northern Murray–Darling Basin and implications for recruitment on floodplains

Janice Kerr

^A ^* , Douglas Harding

^A , James Fawcett ^A and Andrea Prior ^A

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A Queensland Government, Department of Regional Development, Manufacturing and Water, 203 Tor Street, Wilsonton, Qld 4350, Australia.

^* Correspondence to: janice.kerr@rdmw.qld.gov.au

Handling Editor: Paul Frazier

Marine and Freshwater Research 75, MF24034 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF24034

Submitted: 20 February 2024 Accepted: 12 July 2024 Published: 5 August 2024

© 2024 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

Context

Published evidence suggests recruitment of floodplain trees is declining in the northern Murray–Darling Basin (MDB) and that this is linked to river flow.

Aims

We investigated the reproductive phenology of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus coolabah to better understand tree reproductive cycles and the influence of rainfall and flow on seed production.

Methods

We surveyed phenological events (bud, flower and fruit production) over 6 years, at nine sites along the Condamine–Balonne River and examined correlations between these events and meteorological parameters.

Key results

For both species, event timing was consistent across sites and years and event relative abundance scores were different between years. Bud abundance was correlated with rainfall, flooding and warming temperatures and E. coolabah produced additional bud crops after floods.

Conclusions

The timing of events did not differ significantly from published results for the southern MDB. Rainfall, river flows and flooding in spring resulted in more abundant bud crops in E. camaldulensis and E. coolabah, and subsequently more abundant fruit crops. Fruit dehiscence coincided with summer–autumn flooding, which provides seed for germination. Genetic and physiological factors may also influence the observed pattern.

Implications

These results will inform water planning in Queensland, Commonwealth Environmental Water Holder watering actions and long-term watering plans in the northern MDB.

Keywords: ecohydrology, environmental water, floodplains, Murray–Darling system, plants, recruitment, reproductive biology, seed.

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