Patients’ reasons for seeking traditional Chinese medicine: a qualitative study
Asmita Patel 1 2 , Yiyi Chen 11 New Zealand College of Chinese Medicine, Auckland, New Zealand
2 School of Public Health and Psychosocial Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
Correspondence to: Asmita Patel, New Zealand College of Chinese Medicine, P.O. Box 17467, Auckland 1050, New Zealand. Email: asmita.patel@aut.ac.nz
Journal of Primary Health Care 10(4) 338-342 https://doi.org/10.1071/HC17092
Published: 7 December 2018
Journal Compilation © Royal New Zealand College of General Practitioners 2018.
This is an open access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Acupuncture is one of the most well-known and utilised forms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Very little is known about the factors that influence individuals to seek this type of treatment. The aim of this study was to identify and examine patients’ reasons for seeking TCM treatment, which was mainly in the form of acupuncture.
METHODS: Participants were 15 Auckland-based patients who attended a student acupuncture clinic. Participants were individually interviewed. An inductive thematic approach was used to analyse data.
RESULTS: Three main themes were identified regarding factors that influenced individuals to seek TCM: the perceived limitations of pharmaceutical treatment for certain conditions; a previous positive experience of acupuncture; and word-of-mouth regarding the perceived effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of certain conditions.
DISCUSSION: Users perceive TCM-based acupuncture to be an effective form of treatment for their condition, especially after having previously received conventional medical treatment. Past and present users of TCM appear to have an advocate-based role with family and friends regarding the promotion of TCM-based acupuncture.
KEYWORDS: Acupuncture; traditional Chinese medicine; patient perspectives; complementary and alternative medicine; CAM utilisation
References
[1] Evans A, Duncan B, McHugh P, et al. Inpatients’ use, understanding and attitudes towards traditional, complementary and alternative therapies at a provincial New Zealand hospital. N Z Med J. 2008; 121 21–34.[2] Gilbey A. Ninety years’ growth of New Zealand complementary and alternative medicine. N Z Med J. 2009; 122 1291
[3] Nicholson T. Complementary and alternative medicines (including traditional Maori treatments) used by presenters to an emergency department in New Zealand: a survey of prevalence and toxicity. N Z Med J. 2006; 119 U1954
[4] Pledger MJ, Cumming J, Burnette M. Health service use amongst users of complementary and alternative medicine. N Z Med J. 2010; 123 26–35.
[5] Wilson K, Dowson C, Mangin D. Prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine use in Christchurch, New Zealand: children attending general practice versus pediatric outpatients. N Z Med J. 2007; 120 U2464
[6] Cottingham P, Adams J, Vempati R, et al. The characteristics, experiences and perceptions of naturopathic and herbal medicine practitioners: results from a national survey in New Zealand. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015; 15 114
| The characteristics, experiences and perceptions of naturopathic and herbal medicine practitioners: results from a national survey in New Zealand.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[7] Patel A, Standen C. An Auckland-based student acupuncture clinic patient profile and utilisation study. N Z Med J. 2014; 127 134–7.
[8] Patel A, Toossi V. Traditional Chinese medicine practitioners in New Zealand: differences associated with being a practitioner in New Zealand compared to China. N Z Med J. 2016; 129 35–42.
[9] Patel A, Chen Y. Student acupuncturists: career choice and views on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Eur J Integr Med. 2017; 14 1–6.
| Student acupuncturists: career choice and views on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[10] Taylor M. Patients’ and general practitioners’ attitudes towards complementary medicine in Wanganui, New Zealand. N Z Fam Phys. 2003; 30 102–7.
[11] Jakes D, Kirk R. How and why patients use acupuncture: an interpretive phenomenological study. J Prim Health Care. 2015; 7 124–9.
| How and why patients use acupuncture: an interpretive phenomenological study.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[12] Auerbach C, Silverstein L. Qualitative data. An introduction to coding and analysis. New York University Press: New York; 2003.
[13] Burke A, Upchruch DM, Dye C, et al. Acupuncture use in the United States: findings from the National Health Interview Survey. J Altern Complement Med. 2006; 12 639–48.
| Acupuncture use in the United States: findings from the National Health Interview Survey.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[14] Jakes D, Kirk R, Muir L. A qualitative systematic review of patients’ experiences of acupuncture. J Altern Complement Med. 2014; 20 663–71.
| A qualitative systematic review of patients’ experiences of acupuncture.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[15] Kligler B, Buonora M, Gabison J, et al. “I felt like it was God’s hands putting the needles in” A qualitative analysis of the experience of acupuncture for chronic pain in low-income, ethnically diverse, and medically underserved patient population. J Altern Complement Med. 2015; 21 713–9.
| “I felt like it was God’s hands putting the needles in” A qualitative analysis of the experience of acupuncture for chronic pain in low-income, ethnically diverse, and medically underserved patient population.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[16] Upchurch DM, Burke A, Dye C, et al. A sociobehavioral model of acupuncture use, patterns and satisfaction among women in the United States, 2002. Women’s Health Issues. 2008; 18 62–71.
| A sociobehavioral model of acupuncture use, patterns and satisfaction among women in the United States, 2002.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[17] Cassidy CM. Chinese medicine users in the United States Part 1: utilization, satisfaction, medical plurality. J Altern Complement Med. 1998; 4 17–27.
| Chinese medicine users in the United States Part 1: utilization, satisfaction, medical plurality.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[18] Pender M. Survey of patient profiles attending for acupuncture. Eur J Oriental Med. 2015; 8 22–9.
[19] Cherkin DC, Deyo RA, Sherman KJ, et al. Characteristics of visits to licensed acupuncturists, chiropractors, massage therapists, and naturopathic physicians. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2002; 15 463–72.
[20] Maiers M, McKenzie E, Evans R, et al. Patient outcomes at a traditional Chinese medicine teaching clinic: a prospective data collection project. J Altern Complement Med. 2008; 14 1083–8.
| Patient outcomes at a traditional Chinese medicine teaching clinic: a prospective data collection project.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[21] Sherman KJ, Cherkin DC, Eisenberg DM, et al. The practice of acupuncture: who are the providers and what do they do? Ann Fam Med. 2005; 3 151–8.
| The practice of acupuncture: who are the providers and what do they do?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[22] Sommers E, Porter K, Parton B. Providing acupuncture to homebound patients: theoretical and public health considerations. Am Acupuncturist. 2010; Spring 20–23.
[23] Molsberger AF, Schneider T, Gotthardt H, et al. German randomized acupuncture trial for chronic shoulder pain (GRASP). A pragmatic, controlled patient-blinded, multi-centre trial in an outpatient care environment. Pain. 2010; 151 146–54.
| German randomized acupuncture trial for chronic shoulder pain (GRASP). A pragmatic, controlled patient-blinded, multi-centre trial in an outpatient care environment.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[24] NIN Consensus Development Panel on Acupuncture Acupuncture. JAMA. 1998; 280 1518–24.
| Acupuncture.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[25] Witt CM, Schutzler L, Ludtke R, et al. Patient characteristics and variation in treatment outcomes: which patients benefit most from acupuncture for chronic pain? Clin J Pain. 2011; 27 550–5.
| Patient characteristics and variation in treatment outcomes: which patients benefit most from acupuncture for chronic pain?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[26] Bishop FL, Lewith GT. Patients’ perceptions of acupuncture: a qualitative study exploring the decisions patients make when seeking acupuncture. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013; 13 102
| Patients’ perceptions of acupuncture: a qualitative study exploring the decisions patients make when seeking acupuncture.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[27] Bishop FL, Massey Y, Yardley L, et al. How patients choose acupuncturists: a mixed methods project. J Altern Complement Med. 2011; 17 19–25.
| How patients choose acupuncturists: a mixed methods project.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
[28] Sayampanathan AA, Koh THB, Kong KH, et al. Factors affecting decision-making of patients choosing acupuncture in a public hospital. Ann Transl Med. 2015; 3 283
[29] Zhang Y, Lao L, Chen H, et al. Acupuncture among American adults: what acupuncture practitioners can learn from National interview survey 2007? Evidence-Based Comp Altn Med. 2012; 710750
| Acupuncture among American adults: what acupuncture practitioners can learn from National interview survey 2007?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |