Synergistic effects of rice straw and its biochar on availability of phosphorus fertiliser in acidic soils
M. Abdulaha-Al Baquy
A B C * , Xiao-ying Pan A B D , Jiu-yu Li A , Zhi-neng Hong A , Muhammad Aqeel Kamran A B and Ren-kou Xu A B *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, China.
B College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
C Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh.
D College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
Crop & Pasture Science 73(12) 1334-1344 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP21800
Submitted: 8 December 2021 Accepted: 29 May 2022 Published: 12 July 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Contexts: Increasing the availability of phosphorus fertiliser is needed for better crop production in acidic soils.
Aims: To observe how rice straw and its biochar affect phosphorus fertiliser recovery in an Ultisol and an Oxisol as a measure for the availability of phosphorus in acidic soils.
Methods: A 60-day incubation study was conducted using treatments comprising of straw (1.5%, w/w) and biochar produced at 400°C (1.5%, w/w), a mixture of each at the same rate, and a control with two phosphorus rates of 0 and 100 mg kg−1.
Key results: The application of both the straw and the biochar alone and in combination raised the soil pH by 0.12, 0.20, 0.32, 0.17, 0.31 and 0.38 units, and cation exchange capacity by 2.06, 3.02, 2.72, 2.56, 6.28, and 8.40% compared to control for both the Ultisol and the Oxisol, respectively. Similarly, dissolved organic matter also increased by 74.19, 55.28, 84.63, 24.39 and 136.44%, respectively compared to control for the corresponding treatments and soils except the straw amended Ultisol. With an increase in the soil pH, the rate of phosphorus recovery increased by 11.73, 12.99, 23.89, 2.72, 5.23 and 6.28% compared to control for the corresponding treatments and soils, respectively. Phosphate adsorption by the soils became hindered by increased cation exchange capacity and dissolved organic matter but decreased exchangeable trivalent aluminium cations, which led to a greater phosphorus recovery in both the amended soils.
Conclusions: The combined application of rice straw and biochar would be the appropriate choice for increasing the applied phosphorus fertiliser availability in acid soils.
Keywords: acid soil, cation exchange capacity, divalent cations, dissolved organic matter, Oxisol, phosphorus availability, soil pH, Ultisol.
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