A comparison of thermocouples and temperature paints to monitor spatial and temporal characteristics of landscape-scale prescribed fires*
Louis R. Iverson A B , Daniel A. Yaussy A , Joanne Rebbeck A , Todd F. Hutchinson A , Robert P. Long A and Anantha M. Prasad AA Northeastern Research Station, US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 359 Main Road, Delaware, OH 43015, USA.
B Corresponding author. Telephone: +1 740 368-0097; fax: +1 740 368-0152; email: liverson@fs.fed.us
International Journal of Wildland Fire 13(3) 311-322 https://doi.org/10.1071/WF03063
Submitted: 9 September 2003 Accepted: 2 March 2004 Published: 16 November 2004
Abstract
A method to better monitor landscape-level fire characteristics is presented. Three study areas in southern Ohio oak-hickory (Quercus-Carya) forests were established with four treatment areas of ~20 ha each: control (C), burn only (B), thin only (T) or thin plus burn (TB). Two independent measures useful for qualitatively characterising fire intensity were established on a 50-m grid, resulting in over 120 sampling locations at each site, in the burned areas: aluminum tags painted with temperature-sensitive paints, and logger-probe units that logged probe temperature every 2 s during burns. Fires were conducted in spring 2001. The logger-probe units allowed five measures qualitatively related to fire intensity or timing to be calculated at each grid point: maximum probe temperature; duration of probe temperature above 30°C; a heat index, defined as the summed temperatures above 30°C; time of maximum temperature; and estimated rate of spread. Maximum temperatures recorded by the two measuring systems were highly correlated (r2 = 0.83). Relative to painted tags, logger-probe units provide information useful for assessing some other components of fire behaviour. The temporal recording of temperatures allowed us to prepare a web-based simulation of the fires. Heat index and rate of spread estimates provided additional fire information. The TB units consistently burned cooler than the B units, perhaps because of uncured slash and a disrupted fuel bed in those units.
Additional keywords: animation of fire; fire intensity; oak forests; oak regeneration; Ohio.
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* This manuscript was written and prepared by U.S. Government employees on official time and therefore is in the public domain and not subject to copyright.