Rumination, risk, and response: a qualitative analysis of sexual health anxiety among online sexual health chat service users
Sarah Watt A B , Travis Salway A B C * , Oralia Gómez-Ramírez B D , Aidan Ablona B , Lindsay Barton B , Hsiu-Ju Chang B , Heather Pedersen B , Devon Haag B , Joelle LeMoult E and Mark Gilbert B DA Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
B BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
C Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
D School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
E Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Sexual Health 19(3) 182-191 https://doi.org/10.1071/SH21198
Submitted: 27 September 2021 Accepted: 23 March 2022 Published: 23 May 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Background: Anxiety is common among sexual health service users. Accessible, anonymous online sexual health services may offer opportunities to connect users with mental health services, but little is known about anxiety in these settings. We sought to characterise expressions of anxiety among chat users and nurse responses to anxiety.
Methods: We conducted inductive thematic analysis of transcripts from an anonymous online sexual health chat service moderated by sexual health nurses.
Results: Among chat users, we identified: worry, anxiety, and emotional distress, particularly regarding HIV transmission risk, testing, and symptoms; exaggerated appraisal of HIV-transmission risk associated with sex-related shame and stigma; and patterns of anxiety that were unresolved by HIV education or testing interventions. Although nurses recognised and acknowledged anxiety, their responses to this anxiety varied; some provided anxiety management information, while others offered sexual health education and risk assessment.
Conclusions: Targeted interventions addressing HIV-related stigma and anxiety among online sexual health service users are needed to facilitate connections to appropriate mental health supports.
Keywords: anxiety, health services, HIV, mental health, online sexual health, sexually transmitted infections, sexual health, sexuality.
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