Contemporary (1984–2020) fire history metrics for the conterminous United States and ecoregional differences by land ownership
Melanie K. Vanderhoof
A * , Todd J. Hawbaker A , Casey Teske B , Joe Noble C and Jim Smith D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A US Geological Survey, Geoscience and Environmental Change Science Center, PO Box 25046, MS 980, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225, USA.
B US Fish and Wildlife Service, Branch of Fire Management, 3833 S Development Avenue, Boise, ID 83705, USA.
C Tall Timbers Research Station, 13093 Henry Beadel Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32312, USA.
D The Nature Conservancy, 1822 Swiss Oaks Street, Saint John’s, FL 32259, USA.
* Correspondence to: mvanderhoof@usgs.gov
International Journal of Wildland Fire 31(12) 1167-1183 https://doi.org/10.1071/WF22044
Submitted: 5 April 2022 Accepted: 4 October 2022 Published: 2 November 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing on behalf of IAWF. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Abstract
Background: Remotely sensed burned area products are critical to support fire modelling, policy, and management but often require further processing before use.
Aim: We calculated fire history metrics from the Landsat Burned Area Product (1984–2020) across the conterminous U.S. (CONUS) including (1) fire frequency, (2) time since last burn (TSLB), (3) year of last burn, (4) longest fire-free interval, (5) average fire interval length, and (6) contemporary fire return interval (cFRI).
Methods: Metrics were summarised by ecoregion and land ownership, and related to historical and cheatgrass datasets to demonstrate further applications of the products.
Key results: The proportion burned ranged from 0.7% in the Northeast Mixed Woods to 74.1% in the Kansas Flint Hills. The Flint Hills and Temperate Prairies showed the highest burn frequency, while the Flint Hills and the Sierra Nevada and Klamath Mountains showed the shortest TSLB. Compared to private, public land had greater burned area (19 of 31 ecoregions) and shorter cFRI (25 of 31 ecoregions).
Conclusions: Contemporary fire history metrics can help characterise recent fire regimes across CONUS.
Implications: In regions with frequent fire, comparison of contemporary with target fire regimes or invasive species datasets enables the efficient incorporation of burned area data into decision-making.
Keywords: burned area, cheatgrass, fire frequency, fire regime, fire return interval, historic fire, land ownership, Landsat, wildland fire.
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