Nurturing the egg: the essential connection between cumulus cells and the oocyte
Claude Robert A B C *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Département des sciences animales, Faculté des sciences de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
B Centre de Recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
C Réseau Québécois en Reproduction (RQR), Montréal, QC, Canada.
* Correspondence to: claude.robert@fsaa.ulaval.ca
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 34(2) 149-159 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD21282
Published online: 11 October 2021
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing on behalf of the IETS. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Abstract
The determinants of oocyte quality remain uncertain. Under suitable conditions, which have yet to be defined, the gamete grows and acquires the competence to resume meiosis, be fertilised and undergo embryonic development at least beyond genome activation, after which the blastomere is autonomous enough to adapt to the specificity of its environment. This review describes the central role played by the oocyte in reproductive success and how communication between cumulus cells and the oocyte are essential to proper oogenesis and the quality of the resulting gamete. While most attempts to improve oocyte quality have been directed at gonadotrophin-based systemic endocrine signalling, it is proposed that parallel control of fertility may act locally within ovarian follicles through intimate cooperation between somatic cells and the oocyte via the network of transzonal projections. This intercellular communication may prove to be more sensitive to environmental conditions than systemic endocrine signalling, which is essential for many non-reproductive tissues.
Keywords: cell signalling, developmental competence, follicle, folliculogenesis, intercellular communications, oocyte, oogenesis, ovary, transzonal projections.
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