This study explores the perceptions and willingness of Australian healthcare service users to provide sexual orientation and gender identity data. Findings reveal varying levels of willingness based on demographic factors and context, with LGBTQA+ participants showing a preference for inclusive collection methods. The study highlights the importance of sensitive and affirming approaches to sexual orientation and gender identity data collection to improve healthcare experiences and outcomes for diverse populations, informing policies for more inclusive healthcare practices.

Co-design and co-production bring together service user and service provider expertise to improve and innovate healthcare practices and services. This scoping review sought to determine the scope of co-design and co-production between mental health consumers and primary care providers and the feasibility of these approaches for developing healthcare improvements. The review confirmed there is considerable scope for co-design and co-production at the intersection of mental health and primary care and much to learn from existing initiatives reported in this study.

The Australian National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) aims to reduce deaths from bowel cancer by detecting early signs of the disease. There is limited literature on the role and processes of general practitioners subsequent to a positive test result as part of the program. This scoping review seeks to gain insight into this important step and enhance general practitioner involvement in the NBCSP.

Aiming for remission is a novel approach to type 2 diabetes management that can improve patients’ overall health and wellbeing. The UK’s ‘Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial’ (DiRECT) was adapted and tested in Australia. This implementation study found that DiRECT-Aus was acceptable to both patients and clinicians, and offers policy-relevant funding and workforce recommendations for scale up within Australian primary care settings.

A qualitative study of 29 health and aged care providers in the Australian Capital Territory identified six major gaps in dementia care services: issues with existing care services and primary care, insufficient dementia-specific services, workforce limitations, funding barriers affecting service access and collaboration, and poor understanding of dementia. These challenges were noted as systemic across Australia, highlighting the need for enhanced access to coordinated, well-staffed dementia-specific services to improve healthcare outcomes and reduce system pressures.

Change in organisation and delivery of primary care to improve accessibility of best-practice care for people living with dementia and carer(s) is needed. This study describes three models of nurse-delivered dementia care from the perspectives of nurses working in general practice, people living with dementia and carer(s). These findings can be used to guide implementation of new models of dementia care provision by nurses to better meet primary care health needs of people living with dementia and carer(s).

Chronic conditions are a significant health concern. Most Australian men are overweight or obese and half live with at least one chronic health condition. General practice delivers a range of services, including preventive health care. The paper reports on men’s perspectives on preventive health care within general practice. Our study indicates that there is significant potential to enhance the communication of lifestyle risks, support behavioural changes and reduce the impact of chronic conditions on men.

Reablement is an innovative approach to improving in-home care services for older adults at risk of functional decline. This study seeks to understand the experiences of senior staff following the introduction of a reablement-based model of care for community dwelling adults and the factors contributing to the success of implementation of this model.

General practitioners can prescribe oral COVID-19 antivirals to actively infected patients. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of oral COVID-19 antiviral prescribing in general practice settings between March 2022 and November 2023. Characteristics of patients prescribed antivirals, including chronic conditions, monthly prescribing volumes, repeated prescribing activity, and use of telehealth (phone/video) for antiviral prescribing are reported. Telehealth exceeding face-to-face for oral COVID-19 antiviral prescribing supports continued access to telehealth to reduce exposure to COVID-19 and provide time-critical access to treatment.

We evaluated the pivotal role of Cultural Health Stations in advancing social development and health care within Indigenous communities. Data analysis clearly shows that the stations employ a diverse range of cultural care models tailored to the specific needs of local elders across various rural tribal and urban contexts. The culturally safe practices from the services demonstrated by the cultural health stations preserve cultural heritage, bridge the gap between tribal and urban life, and restore pride and continuity of cultural traditions.

This article belongs to the collection: Models of Community Health in Action.

There is little available evidence on how often GPs are considering and diagnosing long COVID for patients with common symptoms like fatigue. This study examined 3193 GP registrar consultations for fatigue, and found that registrars considered long COVID in 80% and diagnosed it in 18% of these, and were more likely to do both in telehealth consultations. This shows that GP registrars are adapting their approach to common presenting symptoms for the post-pandemic world.

Chlamydia is a common sexually transmissible infection in Australia, and can lead to permanent reproductive complications. Management of Chlamydia Cases in Australia (MoCCA) involves a multifaceted intervention aiming to strengthen the management of chlamydia in general practice. Our findings show that practice champions, motivated staff and useful resources facilitated adoption of interventions, whereas competing priorities, difficulties retaining staff, and a lack of staff and patient engagement hindered adoption. Findings can support general practitioners and reduce burden of disease.

Limited knowledge exists about the experiences of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples who have received physiotherapy care. This study offers insights into the lived experiences of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples receiving care in the community and provides recommendations that may assist physiotherapists, alongside other community-based health professionals, to provide culturally safe care. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples emphasised the significance of communication, respect for cultural identity, creating culturally safe environments, and the role of professional training in providing culturally safe physiotherapy care.

The use of data-driven quality improvement (QI) activities is increasingly being used in healthcare globally. This study delves into the implementation and impact of a year-long QI intervention, shedding light on barriers and enablers in improving care for coronary heart disease patients. These findings emphasise the need for collaborative approaches and highlight the potential of technology-driven solutions in enhancing patient outcomes and shaping the future of healthcare improvement initiatives.

Informal caregivers are an essential aspect of Australia’s health and social care systems, yet research has found them unsupported with greater risk of negative health outcomes. This study found an association between increased use of GPs and reduced hospitalisation risk in caregivers. This finding is important, because supporting caregivers to maintain their caring role has the potential to reduce demand of health services. Increasing caregivers’ engagement with GPs may be a cost-effective way of reducing healthcare system costs that requires further examination.