Linking social and biophysical systems to inform long-term, strategic management of coral reefs
Micheli D. P. Costa
A B I , Russell Gorddard C , Pedro Fidelman D , Kate J. Helmstedt E , Kenneth R. N. Anthony A F , Kerrie A. Wilson G and Hawthorne L. Beyer H
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Vic. 3125, Australia.
B School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
C CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
D Centre for Policy Futures, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
E School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia.
F Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville MC, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
G Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia.
H School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
I Corresponding author. Email: micheli.costa@deakin.edu.au
Pacific Conservation Biology 27(2) 126-132 https://doi.org/10.1071/PC20002
Submitted: 15 January 2020 Accepted: 3 August 2020 Published: 16 September 2020
Abstract
Coral reefs are one of the ecosystems most sensitive to climate change. The recent loss and degradation of coral reef ecosystems is expected to continue even if global warming is limited to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. There is therefore an urgent need to develop new technologies and management approaches to coral reef conservation. Emerging technologies, however, bring new challenges for decision making as they are associated with novel risks and impacts on the reef system. We argue that accounting for multiple biophysical thresholds and identifying key decisions in the planning process are crucial to avoid perverse outcomes in coral reef conservation. We identify opportunities to apply an Adaptation Pathways (AP) framework combined with a ‘values, rules and knowledge’ approach to facilitate long-term and large-scale coral reef conservation by explicitly considering uncertainty with climate change impacts in the decision-making process. The AP process can be used to reconcile the diverse values of stakeholders, scientific and cultural knowledge about the system, and the policy and regulatory context within which management must occur, in order to achieve robust long-term management.
Additional keywords: Adaptation Pathways, adaptation options, climate change, coral reef conservation, decline, ecological resilience, ecosystem adaptation, emission reductions, global warming, management, mass bleaching, multiple threats, ocean warming, pre-industrial, planning, risks, rules and knowledge approach, technologies, values, VRK.
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