A review of 60 years of fire management for threatened fauna and flora at Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve, Western Australia

Megan Dilly; Sarah Barrett; Sarah Comer; Allan H. Burbidge; Alan Danks; Judith M. Harvey; Angas J. M. Hopkins; Graeme T. Smith

doi:10.1071/PC25014

RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

Previous Next Contents Vol 31(2)

A review of 60 years of fire management for threatened fauna and flora at Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve, Western Australia

Megan Dilly ^A , Sarah Barrett

^A , Sarah Comer

^A ^* , Allan H. Burbidge ^B , Alan Danks

^C , Judith M. Harvey ^D ^† , Angas J. M. Hopkins ^D ^† and Graeme T. Smith ^E ^†

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Albany, WA 6330, Australia.

^B Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Bentley, WA 6983, Australia.

^C Albany, WA 6330, Australia.

^D Formerly of Western Australian Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth, WA, Australia.

^E Formerly of CSIRO Division of Wildlife Research, Perth, WA, Australia.

^* Correspondence to: sarah.comer@dbca.wa.gov.au

^† Judith M. Harvey, May 2024. Angas J. M. Hopkins, deceased July 2016. Graeme T. Smith, deceased June 1999. J. M. Harvey, A. J. M. Hopkins, and G. T. Smith were authors of ‘Fire history of Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve’ and A. J. M. Hopkins and G. T. Smith were authors of ‘Fire: effects and management implications’, which were written for a special bulletin of on the natural history of Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve.

Handling Editor: Mike Calver

Pacific Conservation Biology 31, PC25014 https://doi.org/10.1071/PC25014

Submitted: 3 March 2025 Accepted: 9 March 2025 Published: 3 April 2025

© 2025 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

Context

Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve in Western Australia has a long history of ecological studies and adaptive fire management. This provides an excellent opportunity to assess the effects of fire management, including fire exclusion, on the ecosystems and threatened species of an important nature reserve.

Aims

To review the fire history of the Reserve and the complexity of managing fire for the conservation of threatened species and communities.

Methods

In this paper, we reviewed data from personal consultations, historical records of fire management, analyses of fire regimes, long-term Djimaalup/noisy scrub-bird monitoring, camera-trap surveys, botanical surveys, and quadrat analysis, dating from before to after a large fire in 2015.

Key results

Fire sensitive ecosystems at the Reserve are identified. Senescing flora species recruited following the 2015 fire and fire-stimulated species were recorded for the first time. The exclusion of fire was a key factor in the conservation of the Djimaalup/noisy scrub-bird, but has implications for the conservation of other species.

Conclusions

While introduced fire was excluded from the granite headlands for >60 years to conserve fauna habitat, this may not have been an optimal strategy for other conservation dependent fauna, and fire sensitive communities.

Implications

The exclusion of fire was an effective management tool for 60 years to conserve fauna habitat, initially driven by conservation of the Djimaalup/noisy scrub-bird, but adaptive management must consider the range of species present as well as a changing climate. Long-term studies and monitoring of threatened species are invaluable to allow informed decisions on adaptive fire management.

Keywords: fire history, fire sensitive communities, habitat management, long-term fire exclusion, noisy scrub-bird Atrichornis clamosus, obligate seeder, strategic fuel reduction.

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