Widespread occurrence of coral diseases in the central Maldives
Simone Montano A B D , Giovanni Strona C , Davide Seveso A B , Davide Maggioni A B and Paolo Galli A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milan – Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, I-20126, Milan, Italy.
B Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center, Magoodhoo Island, 12030, Faafu Atoll, Republic of Maldives.
C European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Via E. Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, Italy.
D Corresponding author. Email: simone.montano@unimib.it
Marine and Freshwater Research 67(8) 1253-1262 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF14373
Submitted: 19 November 2014 Accepted: 1 June 2015 Published: 4 September 2015
Abstract
Coral diseases are one of the most important causes of coral reef decline worldwide. Although they are well investigated in some areas of the Caribbean and the Great Barrier Reef, they have been poorly studied in the Indian Ocean, and particularly in the Maldives, where the presence of coral pathologies has been reported only recently. In order to fill this gap, we investigated the prevalence, local host range and distribution of five coral diseases, namely brown band disease, skeleton eroding band, black band disease (BBD), ulcerative white spot and white syndrome (WS), in the central part of the Maldivian Archipelago, focussing, in particular, on the dominant coral genus Acropora. We estimated an overall disease prevalence of approximately 1.51%. Malè North Atoll was the most affected area; however, coral diseases were present at all study sites. WS was the most widespread disease, whereas BBD affected the highest number of scleractinian genera. We found symptoms of disease on 18 genera belonging to eight families. Acropora was the most affected genus in terms of pathogen diversity. These results provide baseline disease levels for the Maldives and can therefore serve as gauge for monitoring future change.
Additional keywords: Acropora, disease prevalence, host specificity, local host range.
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