Developing indicators to detect the use of fish-aggregating devices
Agustinus Anung Widodo A B , Chris Wilcox C D E , Lilis Sadiyah A B , Fayakun Satria B F ,
C E *
A Center for Fisheries Research (CFR), Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jakarta, Indonesia. Email: anungwd@yahoo.co.id; sadiyah.lilis2@gmail.com; wudianto59@gmail.com
B Research Center for Fishery (RCF), National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia. Email: fsatria70@gmail.com
C CSIRO, Environment, Hobart, Tas., Australia.
D Minderoo Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia. Email: cwilcox@minderoo.org
E University of Tasmania, Center for Marine Socioecology, Hobart, Tas., Australia.
F Research Institute for Marine Fisheries (RIMF), Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jakarta, Indonesia.
G CSIRO, Data61, Hobart, Tas., Australia. Email: jessica.ford@csiro.au
Marine and Freshwater Research 74(6) 535-543 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF22055
Submitted: 4 March 2022 Accepted: 7 February 2023 Published: 13 March 2023
© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Abstract
Context: The growing demand for global food security has resulted in rising fishing intensity, sometimes leading to overexploitation of fish resources, including tuna. Increasingly, fishers are using anchored fish aggregating devices (aFADs) to improve efficiencies and reduce costs.
Aims: To identify locations and use patterns of FADs and characterise aFAD usage in Indonesia and beyond.
Methods: We identified general patterns of aFAD usage by tuna purse-seine, pole and line, hand-line and troll-line vessels operating in Indonesian waters through reviewing relevant literature and focal-group discussions.
Key results: aFADs usage can be characterised by gear type and fishing strategy; vessel behaviour; equipment and spare parts for aFADs installation; association with light; trip duration, catch per unit effort (CPUE), ratio of live bait to catch, fuel consumption; existence of aFAD floats on board vessels and by-catch composition.
Conclusions: aFAD usage has been widely adopted by both industrial and small-scale tuna fishers to efficiency. However, this efficiency comes at the cost of significant increases in catches of juveniles and non-target species, which raises sustainability concerns for Indonesian officials.
Implications: Ultimately, quantifying the numbers, types and locations of aFADs is key to fisheries management to avoid overfishing, overcrowding and limit by-catch and fishing-associated waste.
Keywords: aFAD, anchored fish-aggregating device, fisheries management, hand-line, pole and line, purse seine, sustainable fisheries, troll line.
References
Amandè MJ, Ariz J, Chassot E, Chavance P, Delgado de Molina A, Gaertner D (2008) By-catch and discards of the European purse seine tuna fishery in the Indian Ocean: characteristics and estimation for the 2003–2007 period. Working document for IOTC. Indian Ocean Tuna Commission.Amandè, MJ, Ariz, J, Chassot, E, de Molina, AD, Gaertner, D, Murua, H, Pianet, R, Ruiz, J, and Chavance, P (2010). Bycatch of the European purse seine tuna fishery in the Atlantic Ocean for the 2003–2007 period. Aquatic Living Resources 23, 353–362.
| Bycatch of the European purse seine tuna fishery in the Atlantic Ocean for the 2003–2007 period.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Atapattu AR (1991) The experience of fish aggregating devices (FADs) for fisheries resources enhancement and management in Sri Lanka. Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (2017) Developing research capacity for management of Indonesia’s pelagic fisheries resources (Collaboration CFR, Indonesia and CSIRO, Australia 2013–2017). Final report project FIS/2009/059, ACIAR.
Beverly S, Griffiths D, Lee R (2012) Anchored fish aggregating devices for artisanal fisheries in South and Southeast Asia: benefits and risks. RAP Publication 2012/20, The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, Thailand.
Bromhead D, Foster J, Attard R, Findlay J, Kalish J (2003) A review of the impact of fish aggregating devices (FADs) on tuna fisheries. Final report to the Fisheries Resources Research Fund, Bureau of Rural Sciences, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Chodrijah, U, and Nugraha, B (2013). Distribusi ukuran tuna hasil tangkapan pancing long line dan daerah penangkapannya di perairan Laut Banda. [Size distribution of tuna caught by long line fishing and fishing grounds in the Banda Sea.] Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia [Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal] 19, 9–16.
Dagorn, L, Holland, KN, Restrepo, V, and Moreno, G (2013). Is it good or bad to fish with FADs? What are the real impacts of the use of drifting FADs on pelagic marine ecosystems? Fish and Fisheries 14, 391–415.
| Is it good or bad to fish with FADs? What are the real impacts of the use of drifting FADs on pelagic marine ecosystems?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Escalle, L, Phillips, JS, Brownjohn, M, Brouwer, S, Gupta, AS, van Sebille, E, Hampton, J, and Pillipng, G (2019). Environmental versus operational drivers of drifting FAD beaching in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean. Scientific Reports 9, 14005.
| Environmental versus operational drivers of drifting FAD beaching in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2022) ‘The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2022. Towards blue transformation.’ (FAO: Rome, Italy) 10.4060/cc0461en
Fréon, P, and Dagorn, L (2000). Review of fish associative behaviour: toward a generalisation of the meeting point hypothesis. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 10, 183–207.
| Review of fish associative behaviour: toward a generalisation of the meeting point hypothesis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
IOTC Secretariat (2020) Report of the 22nd session of the IOTC working party on tropical tunas, stock assessment meeting. Virtual Meeting, 19–23 October 2020. IOTC-2020- WPTT22(AS)-R[E]. (Indian Ocean Tuna Commission: Victoria, Mahé, Seychelles) Available at https://iotc.org/documents/SC/23/WPTT22_AS_RE
Jaquemet, S, Potier, M, and Menard, F (2011). Do drifting and anchored Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) similarly influence tuna feeding habits? A case study from the western Indian Ocean. Fisheries Research 107, 283–290.
| Do drifting and anchored Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) similarly influence tuna feeding habits? A case study from the western Indian Ocean.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Johnson, TR, and van Densen, WLT (2007). Benefits and organization of cooperative research for fisheries management. ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, 834–840.
| Benefits and organization of cooperative research for fisheries management.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Macusi, ED, Babaran, RP, and van Zwieten, PAM (2015). Strategies and tactics of tuna fishers in the payao (anchored FAD) fishery from General Santos city, Philippines. Marine Policy 62, 63–73.
| Strategies and tactics of tuna fishers in the payao (anchored FAD) fishery from General Santos city, Philippines.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Merta IGS (2005) Perkembangan, pengelolaan dan penelitian sumber daya ikan pelagis besar di Indonesia. Orasi Pengukuhan Ahli Peneliti Utama [Development, management and research of large pelagic fish resources in Indonesia. Main Research Expert Inaugural Discussion]. Pusat Riset Perikanan Tangkap. Badan Riset Kelautan dan Perikanan.
Morgan AC (2011) Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) and tuna impacts and management options. Ocean Science Series, The PEW Environment Group.
Murua J, Itano D, Widodo A (2018) Characterizing small and medium scale tuna purse seine and ring net vessels in Indonesia. ISSF Technical Report 2018-06, International Seafood Sustainability Foundation, Washington, DC, USA.
Nugroho, D, and Atmaja, SB (2013). Kebijakan rumponisasi perikanan pukat cincin Indonesia yang beroperasi di perairan laut lepas. [FAD policy for Indonesian purse seine fisheries operating in high seas.] Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia [Journal of Indonesian Fisheries Policy] 5, 97–106.
| Kebijakan rumponisasi perikanan pukat cincin Indonesia yang beroperasi di perairan laut lepas. [FAD policy for Indonesian purse seine fisheries operating in high seas.]Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Proctor CH, Natsir M, Mahiswara, Widodo AA, Utama AA, Wudianto, Satria F, Hargiyatno IT, Sedana IGB, Cooper SP, Sadiyah L, Nurdin E, Anggawangsa RF, Susanto K (2019) A characterisation of FAD-based tuna fisheries in Indonesian waters. Final Report as output of ACIAR Project FIS/2009/059, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Ruchimat T, Wudianto, Fahmi Z, Setyadji B, Sadiyah L (2017) Indonesia National Report to the Scientific Committee of the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission, 2017. IOTC-2017-SC20-NR09. (Indian Ocean Tuna Commission) Available at https://iotc.org/documents/indonesia-national-report-2017
Soeboer DA, Wahyu RI, Handrian J (2008) Efektivitas rumpon laut dalam terhadap pengoperasian pancing tonda di selatan Teluk Pelabuhan Ratu. [The effectiveness of deep sea FADs on the operation of troll line in the south of Pelabuhan Ratu Bay.] In ‘Semiloka Optimasi Pemanfaatan Rumpon di Pansela Jawa Barat’ [‘Workshop on Optimising FAD Utilization on the South Coast of West Java’], 28–29 May 2007, Palabuhan Ratu, West Java, Indonesia. pp. 27–34. (DJPT-Diskan Jabar-PPN Pelabuhan Ratu)
Tuasamu AB (1985) Effectivitas penggunaan alat bantu rumpon terhadap hasil tangkap ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) dengan pole and line di perairan Sorong, Irian Jaya [Effectiveness of the use of FADs on skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) fishing results using pole and line in Sorong waters, Irian Jaya]. Skripsi [Bachelor’s thesis]. Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
Widodo AA, Wudianto C, Proctor F, Satria M, Natsir M, Sedana IGB, Hargiyatno IT, Cooper S (2016) Characteristics of tuna fisheries associated with Indonesian anchored FADs in waters of the West Pacific and the Indonesian archipelago. In ‘Scientific Committee Twelfth Regular Session’, 3–11 August 2016, Bali, Indonesia. WCPFC-SC12-ST-IP-06. (Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission) Available at https://meetings.wcpfc.int/node/9672
Wudianto, W, Wagiyo, K, and Wibowo, B (2003). Sebaran daerah penangkapan ikan tuna di Samudera Hindia. Journal of Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 9, 19–28.
| Sebaran daerah penangkapan ikan tuna di Samudera Hindia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
