Spatial patterns in the cover and composition of macroalgal assemblages on fringing and nearshore coral reefs
K. Webber
A B * , M. Srinivasan A C , A. G. Coppock A B and G. P. Jones A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
B Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
C Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
Marine and Freshwater Research 73(11) 1310-1322 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF21349
Submitted: 13 December 2021 Accepted: 19 July 2022 Published: 8 August 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Abstract
Context: Although increases in macroalgal cover on coral reefs are often reported alongside declines in coral, the composition of algal assemblages and their spatial dynamics are not commonly investigated.
Aims: To quantify changes in macroalgal assemblage composition over two spatial environmental gradients, depth and distance from shore, within a nearshore reef system in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea, where coral cover has declined.
Methods: Benthic cover was quantified at three depths (reef flat, 10 and 15 m) on the windward reef slopes of six reefs located three distances from shore (fringing reefs, and platform reefs 100–200 m and 0.7−1 km offshore).
Key results: Macroalgal cover was highest on the reef flat, and assemblage composition varied among depths and distances from shore. Macroalgal cover was not correlated with coral cover except where macroalgal cover was greater than 20%, where a negative correlation occurred. There was no correlation between macroalgal cover and turf algal cover. All three benthic groups were negatively correlated with the combined total cover of sand and gravel.
Conclusions: These results indicated a fine-scale spatial structure of macroalgal assemblages on coral reefs over a narrow depth range and short distance from shore and highlighted the importance of a solid substratum.
Implications: It is likely that the ecological interactions between corals and macroalgae vary considerably over narrow spatial gradients.
Keywords: benthic community, depth distribution, macroalgal diversity, marine ecology, Padina, Sargassum, terrestrial runoff, Turbinaria.
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