Arboviruses in pregnancy: consequences of maternal and fetal infection
William Rawlinson
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
Serology and Virology Division, Department of Microbiology NSW Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia;
School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales;
School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Tel: +61 2 9382 9113, Fax: +61 2 9382 9098, Email: w.rawlinson@unsw.edu.au
Microbiology Australia 39(2) 96-98 https://doi.org/10.1071/MA18028
Published: 6 April 2018
Abstract
Epidemics and localised outbreaks of infections due to arthropod borne (arbo) viruses, have been described for hundreds of years. Few viruses to date are known to transmit from mother to fetus, causing either teratogenic effects or fetal demise (see recent reviews Charlier et al.1 and Marinho et al.2). Many arboviruses are zoonotic but there appear to be few parallels between the effect of these viruses following human or animal infection during pregnancy. Higher rates of MTCT (mother to child transmission) may be seen (1) where herd immunity is reduced, either because virus is newly introduced into a population (as occurred in Brazil with ZIKV), or where the virus has only recently become endemic (as occurred with West Nile virus (WNV) in the USA in the 1990s), (2) where the arthropod vector is present, (3) where the vector transmits virus efficiently, and (4) in groups of pregnant women exposed, allowing transmission3.
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