Systematics of the new Australian wolf spider genus Tuberculosa (Araneae : Lycosidae)
Volker W. Framenau A D and Jung-Sun Yoo A B CA Department of Terrestrial Invertebrates, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, Western Australia 6986, Australia.
B School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
C Research Institute for Natural Science, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
D Corresponding author. Email: volker.framenau@museum.wa.gov.au
Invertebrate Systematics 20(2) 185-202 https://doi.org/10.1071/IS05036
Submitted: 18 August 2005 Accepted: 17 January 2006 Published: 26 April 2006
Abstract
The new Australian wolf spider genus Tuberculosa is revised, with T. harveyi, sp. nov. from the Northern Territory as type species. The genus includes a further three species from northern Queensland: T. austini, sp. nov., T. hoggi (Framenau & Vink, 2001), comb. nov. and T. monteithi, sp. nov. The genus is defined by a unique sexual dimorphism: males carry modified tubercular setae on the ventral side of the third coxae, which are here compared to the knobbed setae that can be found on the ventral surface of the abdomen in Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata Ohlert, 1865 and Passiena torbjoerni Lehtinen, 2005 from two different lycosid subfamilies. Based on the structure of the male pedipalp, Tuberculosa belongs to the subfamily Lycosinae sensu Dondale (1986) with close affinities to Venatrix Roewer, 1960, because males of both genera have a tubercle on the outer edges of their fangs and the cymbium tip carries claw-like macrosetae. A cladistic analysis of all four Tuberculosa species, based on 12 morphological characters and with Venatrix konei (Berland, 1924) as outgroup, revealed a topology with T. austini and T. harveyi as sister-species in the most derived clade (V. konei (T. monteithi (T. hoggi (T. harveyi, T. austini))). The distribution of Tuberculosa in the tropical north of Australia supports an origin of the genus, as well as its putative sister-genus Venatrix, in the Palaearctic region, in contrast to all other Australian Lycosinae, which appear to be of Gondwanan origin.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Mike Gray and Graham Milledge (AM), Robert Raven and Owen Seeman (QM) and Gavin Dally (NTMAG) for the loan of specimens for this study. We are particularly grateful to Barbara Baehr (QM) and Tracey Churchill (NTMAG) and their respective families for their hospitality during visits of the senior author to Brisbane and Darwin. Young-Bo Lee and An-Ja Ko (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, Korea) took the SEM photographs. Melissa Thomas, Mark Harvey and Pekka Lehtinen gave helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. The Australian Biological Resource Study (ABRS) (to Mark Harvey, WAM, and Andy Austin, The University of Adelaide) provided funding for VWF. This work was supported by the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (MOEHRD) (KRF-2005- 214-C00226).
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