A new nemertean with a branched proboscis, Gorgonorhynchus citrinus sp. nov. (Nemertea: Pilidiophora), with molecular systematics of the genus
Natsumi Hookabe
A F , Cong-Mei Xu B , Aoi Tsuyuki C , Naoto Jimi D , Shi-Chun Sun B and Hiroshi Kajihara E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Misaki Marine Biological Station, The University of Tokyo, Miura, Kanagawa 238-0225, Japan.
B Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
C Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, N10W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0180, Japan.
D Bioscience Group, National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa 190-8518, Japan.
E Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0180, Japan.
F Corresponding author. Email: sofeechan312@gmail.com
Invertebrate Systematics 35(3) 350-359 https://doi.org/10.1071/IS20057
Submitted: 23 July 2020 Accepted: 13 November 2020 Published: 24 March 2021
Abstract
Among ~1300 species of world nemerteans, seven species in five genera of lineid heteronemerteans have been known to possess a branched proboscis. In this paper, we describe the eighth branched-proboscis species: Gorgonorhynchus citrinus sp. nov. from Okinawa, Japan. We also report Gorgonorhynchus cf. repens Dakin & Fordham, 1931 with uniformly orange body, as a new member for the Japanese nemertean fauna. We infer the phylogenetic relationships between these forms and other members of Lineidae McIntosh, 1874 for which partial sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and the nuclear 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and histone H3 genes are available in public databases, along with newly sequenced data of another branched-proboscis heteronemertean, Polydendrorhynchus zhanjiangensis (Yin & Zheng, 1984) from China. In the resulting tree, Gorgonorhychus Dakin & Fordham, 1931 was sister group to non-branched-proboscis Dushia Corrêa, 1963, whereas P. zhanjiangensis was sister group to likewise non-branched-proboscis Cerebratulus lacteus (Leidy, 1851).
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:685992C5-F595-4C28-9178-256D945E595A
Keywords: DNA barcode, histology-free description, Pacific, ribbon worm, SCUBA, taxonomy.
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