Does natural organic matter increase the bioavailability of cerium dioxide nanoparticles to fish?
Rhys M. Goodhead A , Blair D. Johnston A E , Paula A. Cole B , Mohammed Baalousha B F , David Hodgson C , Taisen Iguchi D , Jamie R. Lead B F and Charles R. Tyler A G
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Environment and Evolution Research Group, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
B School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
C Daphne du Maurier, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9EZ, UK.
D Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.
E Present address: Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg (München), Germany.
F Present address: University of South Carolina, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, PHRC, 401E, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
G Corresponding author. Email: c.r.tyler@exeter.ac.uk
Environmental Chemistry 12(6) 673-682 https://doi.org/10.1071/EN15003
Submitted: 6 January 2015 Accepted: 8 July 2015 Published: 13 October 2015
Environmental context. Nanoparticles are present in growing volumes of consumer products and are suspected to be released into the environment at detectable levels. We focus on cerium dioxide nanoparticles and investigate their availability to fish from the water column, where we found increasing concentrations of natural organic material increased the ceria measured in the fish gills. This complex interaction between nanoparticle behaviour and uptake from environmentally relevant test systems is significantly understudied.
Abstract. Natural organic colloids affect the fate and behaviour of nanoparticles in the aquatic environment but how these interactions affect the bioavailability of nanoparticles to organisms is a major knowledge gap in risk-assessment analysis. Here, we investigated interactions of citrate-coated cerium dioxide (CeO2) nanoparticles with fulvic acids, representing natural organic matter, and assessed their bioavailability to fish (common carp, Cyprinus carpio) exposed chronically (32 days) via the water. We show a fulvic acid concentration-related enhancement in the uptake of cerium (Ce) into gill tissues, with some evidence for an enhanced Ce uptake also into kidney and brain tissues in the presence of fulvic acids, but with more variable responses. We present evidence for differences in the aggregation behaviour for CeO2 nanoparticles in the different exposure scenarios, with reduced CeO2 particle aggregate size with citrate coating and fulvic acids, as determined from dynamic light scattering. We highlight that multiple analytical approaches are essential for understanding the dynamic nature of the particles and also that interpretations on measured particle sizes and characteristics may differ depending on the technique(s) employed. We conclude that conditions in natural waters are likely to play a fundamental role in affecting bioavailability and thus potential biological effects of CeO2 particles.
Additional keywords: fulvic acid, humic substances, nanotoxicology, uptake.
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