Tellurium in the environment: current knowledge and identification of gaps
Montserrat Filella
A G , Clemens Reimann B , Marc Biver C , Ilia Rodushkin D E and Katerina Rodushkina E F
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department F.-A. Forel, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 66, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
B Geological Survey of Norway, PO Box 6315 Torgarden, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
C Bibliothèque Nationale de Luxembourg, Annexe Kirchberg, 31, Boulevard Konrad Adenauer, L-1115 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
D Division of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, S-971 87 Luleå, Sweden.
E ALS Laboratory Group, ALS Scandinavia AB, Aurorum 10, S-977 75 Luleå, Sweden.
F Present address: Ghent University, Department of Chemistry, Atomic and Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 – S12, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
G Corresponding author. Email: montserrat.filella@unige.ch
Montserrat Filella is a chemist and teaches environmental chemistry at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. Her main research interests focus on the understanding of the physicochemical processes regulating the behaviour of chemical elements in environmental compartments. After years of working on natural colloids and natural organic matter (quantification and interaction with trace elements), she has moved to the study of ‘less-studied’ elements such as antimony and so-called technology-critical elements and of plastics as global pollutants. She is particularly interested in the application of critical appraisal and evidence-based methods as well as in building up knowledge by gathering and understanding existing data. |
Clemens Reimann is an expert in multi-media, multi-element geochemical mapping, biogeochemistry and statistical data analysis. He is the author/editor of four geochemical atlases covering increasingly larger areas (from 200 000 to 5.6 million km2), three books and more than 200 scientific articles. He has worked as a lecturer in mineralogy, petrology, economic geology and geochemistry at Leoben Mining University, as a project geologist for Selco Inc. in eastern Canada, in contract research in Austria, and was head of the laboratory in an Austrian cement company before joining the section for hydrogeology and geochemistry at the Geological Survey of Norway in 1993. |
Marc Biver graduated with a BA and MA from the University of Oxford (UK) and obtained his PhD at Heidelberg (Germany), working on the dissolution kinetics of antimony minerals under the supervision of Bill Shotyk. He currently works part-time as a curator at the National Library of Luxembourg, where he is in charge of the natural science collections. Marc runs his own laboratory and specialises in electroanalytical methods for less-studied elements (e.g. Sb, Bi, Te, Nb, Ta), with particular focus on their applicability to environmental and geochemical matrices. |
Ilia Rodushkin graduated from Sankt-Petersburg State University in 1989 and holds a PhD in environmental protection from Sankt-Petersburg Institute of Limnology. Since 2000, he has been Associated Professor in Applied Analytical Chemistry at Luleå University of Technology and laboratory manager at ALS Scandinavia AB. His research interests include ultra-trace analysis and isotope ratio measurements using mass spectrometry. |
Katerina Rodushkina holds a Master’s diploma in Analytical Chemistry from Uppsala University and is currently a PhD student in the Atom and Mass spectrometry research group at Ghent University. The research is part of the EOS (Excellence of Science) project ET-HOME (Evolution and Tracers of the Habitability Of Mars and Earth), where the goal is to gain a better understanding of the constrains of habitability and what is essential for the sustainment of life. Katerina’s research interests lie in inorganic trace analysis and in isotope ratio measurements. |
Environmental Chemistry 16(4) 215-228 https://doi.org/10.1071/EN18229
Submitted: 27 October 2018 Accepted: 16 February 2019 Published: 2 April 2019
Environmental context. Tellurium, a chemical element increasingly being used in new technologies, is an emerging contaminant. Our understanding of tellurium’s environmental behaviour, however, is poor, with critical knowledge gaps such as its distribution in the various environmental compartments and the environmental fluxes associated with mining, usage and disposal. Significant progress in these areas requires the development of robust analytical methods that are sufficiently sensitive to provide data at environmentally relevant concentrations.
Abstract. Tellurium has recently become a ‘technology-critical element’ increasingly used in new applications. Thus, potential environmental impacts need to be evaluated. This, in turn, requires knowledge of its typical concentrations in the environment along with better understanding of the chemical processes governing its environmental behaviour. We evaluate the current situation of our understanding of tellurium in the environment and identify the areas where improvements in measurement technology are most needed. The comprehensive evaluation of published data described in this study shows that values for tellurium concentrations in the different environmental compartments are scarce, particularly in the case of natural waters where reliable estimates of tellurium concentrations in seawater and freshwater cannot even be produced. Data in air are even less abundant than for natural water. Concentration data do exist for soils suggesting a predominant geological origin. Some urban soil surveys and lake sediment data close to tellurium contamination sources point to possible effects on the element’s distribution as a result of human activity; long-range atmospheric transport remains to be proved. Current knowledge about tellurium behaviour in the environment is strongly hindered by analytical difficulties, with insufficiently low analytical detection limits being the main limitation. For instance, ‘dissolved’ concentrations are well below current analytical capabilities in natural water and often require pre-concentration procedures that, for the moment, do not provide consistent results; solid samples require complex mineralisation procedures that often exclude tellurium from routine multielement studies. In general, the use of available measuring techniques is far from straightforward and needs particular expertise. Overcoming the current analytical limitations is essential to be able to progress in the field.
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