Stem, leaf and cotyledon resistance responses to a prevalent Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pathotype in Australia highlight new opportunities to improve white mould resistance in common bean

Muhammad Azam Khan; Dawid Brink Wentzel; Ming Pei You; Sally L. Norton; Martin J. Barbetti

doi:10.1071/CP23211

RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

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Stem, leaf and cotyledon resistance responses to a prevalent Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pathotype in Australia highlight new opportunities to improve white mould resistance in common bean

Muhammad Azam Khan ^A ^B , Dawid Brink Wentzel ^A , Ming Pei You ^A , Sally L. Norton ^C and Martin J. Barbetti

^A ^*

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and the UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.

^B Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.

^C Australian Grains Genebank, 110 Natimuk Road, Horsham, Vic. 3400, Australia.

^* Correspondence to: martin.barbetti@uwa.edu.au

Handling Editor: Marta Santalla

Crop & Pasture Science 75, CP23211 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP23211

Submitted: 1 May 2023 Accepted: 6 October 2023 Published: 31 October 2023

© 2024 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

Context

White mould (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) inflicts major yield losses on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris); yet, commercial cultivars known for their high yields and market-adapted grains lack physiological resistance to this disease.

Aims

This study aimed to test diverse common bean genotypes for resistance in stem, leaf and cotyledon tissues.

Methods

Thirty-four common bean genotypes with a wide range of agronomic traits and grain types, including genotypes noted previously for susceptible and resistant responses to white mould, were inoculated with the prevalent S. sclerotiorum isolate MBRS-1. Then they were assessed for resistance in stem, leaf and cotyledon tissues under controlled environment conditions, by inoculating plants with a 10⁵ mL⁻¹ hyphal fragment concentration.

Key results

There was significant (P < 0.001) variation in resistance responses in stem, leaf and cotyledon tissues across the genotypes. Contender, ICA Bunsi, XAN 280 and Taisho-Kintoki showed the highest resistance in stems, whereas Norvell 2558, Pico de Oro, Sanilac, Othelo and Negro Argel exhibited notable resistance in leaves. Metis, Canario 107, Pico de Oro, Pogonion and Jubilejnaja 287 displayed the most resistance in cotyledons.

Conclusions

This is the first reported attempt to determine the response of common bean germplasm to a prevalent pathotype of S. sclerotiorum in Australia. Bean genotypes exhibiting high-level resistance to white mould identified in this study can be used as parental lines for crosses in common bean breeding programs and/or directly as improved cultivars.

Implications

The study highlighted both the value of screening under controlled environmental conditions to reliably locate new stem, leaf and/or cotyledon resistances and the possibility of using rapid cotyledon screening to indicate stem resistances because the expression of resistances in cotyledons generally correlated strongly with those in stems.

Keywords: common bean, common bean diseases, disease screening, host resistance, Phaseolus vulgaris, physiological resistance, Sclerotinia rot, stem rot, white mould.

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