Non-thermal plasma application improves germination, establishment and productivity of Gatton panic grass (Megathyrsus maximus) without compromising forage quality
María Cecilia Pérez-Pizá
A # , Liliana Clausen B # , Ezequiel Cejas C , Matías Ferreyra C , Juan Camilo Chamorro-Garcés C , Brenda Fina C , Carla Zilli A , Pablo Vallecorsa A , Leandro Prevosto C * and Karina Balestrasse A *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales (INBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
B Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Quimilí, Ruta Prov. N° 6 Km 9, Quimilí, Santiago del Estero, Argentina.
C Facultad Regional Venado Tuerto, Departamento de Ingeniería Electromecánica, Grupo de Descargas Eléctricas, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, CONICET, Laprida 651, Venado Tuerto, Santa Fe, Argentina.
* Correspondence to: prevosto@waycom.com.ar, kbale@agro.uba.ar
# These authors contributed equally to this paper
Handling Editor: Youhong Song
Crop & Pasture Science 73(10) 1188-1199 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP21619
Submitted: 29 July 2021 Accepted: 18 March 2022 Published: 2 May 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Megathyrsus maximus (Gatton panic) is a tropical grass highly valued both for its use as forage and for its biofuel potential. A major constraint in establishing pastures of this cultivar is the low viability and germination of seeds and the poor initial seedling establishment. We used non-thermal plasma (NTP, partially ionised gas) as a novel technology to treat seeds of this grass, aiming to improve their quality (i.e. germination traits). We also followed the performance of seedlings grown from NTP-treated seeds under field conditions by assessing seedling establishment, biomass production and forage quality during the first regrowth period, which is the critical period for pasture establishment. Two NTP treatments were performed through dielectric barrier discharges employing N2 as carrier gas. Non-treated seeds served as the control. Results showed that the viability of NTP-treated seeds was, on average, 1.5-fold higher than the control, and that germination energy and germination percentage of treated seeds was superior to the control by 2.1-fold and 2.2-fold, respectively. A field experiment showed that seedling establishment parameters (dynamics of cumulative emergence, emergence coefficient, and weighted average emergence rate) and pasture early productivity (represented by shoot dry matter) were enhanced by NTP treatment (phenolic sheet–polyester film barrier and 3 min exposure), showing 1.4–2.6-fold higher values than the control, confirming the results of the laboratory assays. Although NTP markedly increased the shoot dry matter production of the pasture, which was related to higher tiller population density and greater tiller weight, it did not affect the forage quality of the plants grown in the field. We conclude that NTP technology is suitable to improve seed germination of Gatton panic, in turn leading to improvements in seedling establishment and biomass production under field conditions without compromising forage quality.
Keywords: early establishment, forage quality, germination, Megathyrsus maximus ‘Gatton Panic’, non-thermal plasma, pasture productivity, seed quality, yield components.
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