Current status of and future opportunities for digital agriculture in Australia
B. D. Hansen
A B * , E. Leonard A C , M. C. Mitchell A D , J. Easton A E , N. Shariati A F , M. Y. Mortlock A G , M. Schaefer A and D. W. Lamb A H
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Food Agility Cooperative Research Centre Ltd, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
B Centre for eResearch and Digital Innovation, Federation University, Ballarat, Vic. 3350, Australia.
C School of Education, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
D Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, Vic. 3000, Australia.
E Centre for Crop and Disease Management, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
F RF and Communication Technologies (RFCT) Research Laboratory, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
G Faculty of Science, Centre for Data Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia.
H Precision Agriculture Research Group, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
Crop & Pasture Science - https://doi.org/10.1071/CP21594
Submitted: 16 July 2021 Accepted: 13 July 2022 Published online: 29 August 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC)
Abstract
In Australia, digital agriculture is considered immature and its adoption ad hoc, despite a relatively advanced technology innovation sector. In this review, we focus on the technical, governance and social factors of digital adoption that have created a disconnect between technology development and the end user community (farmers and their advisors). Using examples that reflect both successes and barriers in Australian agriculture, we first explore the current enabling technologies and processes, and then we highlight some of the key socio-technical factors that explain why digital agriculture is immature and ad hoc. Pronounced issues include fragmentation of the innovation system (and digital tools), and a lack of enabling legislation and policy to support technology deployment. To overcome such issues and increase adoption, clear value propositions for change are necessary. These value propositions are influenced by the perceptions and aspirations of individuals, the delivery of digitally-enabled processes and the supporting legislative, policy and educational structures, better use/conversion of data generated through technology applications to knowledge for supporting decision making, and the suitability of the technology. Agronomists and early adopter farmers will play a significant role in closing the technology-end user gap, and will need support and training from technology service providers, government bodies and peer-networks. Ultimately, practice change will only be achieved through mutual understanding, ownership and trust. This will occur when farmers and their advisors are an integral part of the entire digital innovation system.
Keywords: agricultural data, data analytics, digital literacy, digital maturity, internet of things, interoperability, precision agriculture, remote sensing, robotics, sensors.
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