Selenium desorption in tropical soils by sulfate and phosphate, and selenium biofortification of Mombaça grass under increasing rates of phosphate fertilisation
Maria Jéssica Vieira dos Santos A , Josimar Henrique de Lima Lessa A , Mateus Belisário de Assis A , Jéssica Francisco Raymundo A , Bruno Teixeira Ribeiro A , Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme A and Guilherme Lopes A BA Department of Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG 37200-900, Brazil.
B Corresponding author. Email: guilherme.lopes@ufla.br
Crop and Pasture Science - https://doi.org/10.1071/CP21059
Submitted: 28 January 2021 Accepted: 23 July 2021 Published online: 18 October 2021
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is essential for animals and humans, and studies assessing the influence of sulfur (S) and phosphorus (P) on Se availability and biofortification in tropical soils are required. This study evaluated the adsorption of selenate (SeVI) and selenite (SeIV) in two oxidic soils with contrasting soil texture and assessed effects of phosphate and sulfate as competitive anions on Se desorption. The study also examined Se biofortification of Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça grown in Se-treated clayey soil under increasing rates of P fertilisation. In the laboratory, different Se concentrations were added to soils for adsorption studies (0, 1, 2, 4 mg L–1 for SeVI and 0, 4, 8, 16 mg L–1 for SeIV), with Se desorption performed by adding different concentrations of P (0, 2.18, 4.36, 10.90, 21.90 mg L–1) or S (0, 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30 mg L–1). Mombaça grass was grown in pots for 43 days in the clayey soil fertilised with SeVI and increasing P rates. Selenium adsorption varied depending on Se speciation, Se rate and soil texture, with SeIV showing greater adsorption than SeVI. In general, amounts of SeVI desorbed increased with increasing addition of P and (mainly) S. However, only P had a positive effect for releasing SeIV from soils. At all SeVI rates added in the clayey soil, Se contents in the shoot dry matter of Mombaça grass increased with increasing P fertilisation rate, agreeing with the desorption results. Further studies combining desorption with biofortification data are recommended for assessing the influence of P in sandy clay loam tropical soils.
Keywords: biofortification, selenium speciation, Se sorption, Se availability, competitive anions, pasture, phosphate, sulfate, tropical soils.
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