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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 61(4)

Control of Beet western yellows virus in Brassica napus crops: infection resistance in Australian genotypes and effectiveness of imidacloprid seed dressing

B. A. Coutts A D , C. G. Webster A C and R. A. C. Jones A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Agricultural Research Western Australia, Department of Agriculture and Food, Locked Bag No. 4, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, WA 6983, Australia.

B School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.

C Current address: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services (USDA-ARS), Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA.

D Corresponding author. Email: brenda.coutts@agric.wa.gov.au

Crop and Pasture Science 61(4) 321-330 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP09264
Submitted: 17 September 2009  Accepted: 4 March 2010   Published: 12 April 2010

Abstract

Eighteen Brassica napus (canola) genotypes were examined for their responses to infection with Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) and infestation by Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) in a field experiment and in a series of pot experiments under controlled-environment conditions. When exposed to infection with BWYV in the field, plants of cvv. Tranby and Trigold remained uninfected with BWYV. Only 2–5% of plants of cvv. Stubby and Banjo became infected, but infection incidence was 14–23% in cvv. Tanami and Jade, and reached 45–65% in 12 other commercial cultivars or advanced breeding lines of B. napus. Once plants became infected, the sensitivity rankings for most genotypes were 2–3: mild to moderate symptoms consisting of plant stunting and reddening of lower leaves. When plants of cvv. Tranby, Trigold, Stubby, and susceptible control cv. Pinnacle growing in pots were exposed to spread of BWYV by viruliferous winged M. persicae flying from an infested cv. Pinnacle plant infected with BWYV, similar numbers of aphids colonised each of the different cultivars. Thus, no aphid feeding preference was apparent among the different B. napus cultivars. However, all 18 plants of cv. Pinnacle became infected with BWYV, but only 1, 2, and 5 plants of cvv. Trigold, Tranby, and Stubby became infected, respectively. When 68 plants each of cvv. Tranby, Trigold, and Stubby were each inoculated with 1–10 viruliferous aphids/plant, only 1 of cv. Trigold, 3 of cv. Tranby, and 6 of cv. Stubby became infected with BWYV despite infection of 45 plants of cv. Pinnacle. This shows that cvv. Tranby, Trigold, and Stubby have resistance to infection with BWYV by aphid transmission. In 2 experiments when viruliferous M. persicae were placed on plants of B. napus grown from seed treated with imidacloprid (240 g a.i./100 kg seed), they infested 72% of plants grown from treated seed and transmitted BWYV to 62% of them regardless of the growth stage inoculated. Aphids colonised 100% of plants grown from untreated seed but 0% of plants sprayed with imidacloprid (2 g a.i./L water), and infection with BWYV was diminished markedly by the foliar spray. This suggests that insufficient insecticide adhered to most of the dressed seeds to kill the aphids and prevent BWYV transmission. B. napus cultivars found to have infection resistance to BWYV can be used in conjunction with imidacloprid seed dressings (if applied effectively) as components of an integrated disease management strategy for control of BWYV in B. napus crops.

Additional keywords: BWYV, Myzus persicae, virus, aphids, canola, oilseed rape, insecticide, virus resistance.


Acknowledgments

We thank M. A. Kehoe, B. E. Gadja, and M. Banovich, and staff at Medina Research Station for technical assistance. The Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation provided financial support.


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