Grape seed extract and chromium nicotinate reduce impacts of heat stress in Simmental × Qinchuan steers
Huiyuan Chen A , Jifu Zhen A , Zhaoliang Wu A , Xiaomin Li A , Shimin Liu B , Zhiru Tang A and Zhihong Sun A C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Laboratory of Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
B School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
C Corresponding author. Email: sunzh2002cn@aliyun.com
Animal Production Science 59(10) 1868-1879 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN17152
Submitted: 14 March 2017 Accepted: 11 February 2019 Published: 5 June 2019
Abstract
To assess the impacts of grape seed extract (GSE) fed with or without chromium nicotinate (CN) on beef steers under heat stress conditions, 40 Simmental × Qinchuan steers (400 ± 10 days old; 410 ± 8.0 kg) were randomly assigned to one of four diets (n = 10 per group): basal diet (CON group); basal diet + 33 mg/day CN (CN group); basal diet + 65 mg/kg DM GSE (GSE group); and basal diet + 33 mg/day CN + 65 mg/kg DM GSE (CN + GSE group). This study was conducted in summer and the steers were housed in outdoor shaded pens (10 steers/pen) and fed individually. The experiment lasted for 35 days, the first 7 days for diet and housing condition adaptation. The amount of feed intake was recorded daily; individual bodyweight was recorded on Days 8, 22, and 36. On Day 36 before feeding, six steers per group were slaughtered for collection of blood and tissue samples. Average daily liveweight gain and dry matter intake of steers were increased by the GSE, CN, and CN + GSE treatments (P < 0.05). Dietary treatments increased the activities of glutathione peroxidase and total superoxide dismutase in plasma (P < 0.05) and plasma concentration of interleukin 10 on Days 22 and 36 (P < 0.05), whereas decreased plasma concentration of tumour necrosis factor-α on Day 22 (P < 0.05). Overall, supplementation of GSE alone or with CN had positive effects on the growth performance of steers under heat stress conditions.
Additional keywords: antioxidant capacity, growth performance, immune regulation, steer.
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