Seasonal differences in fire activity and intensity in tropical savannas of northern Australia using satellite measurements of fire radiative power
Sofia L. J. Oliveira A C , Stefan W. Maier B , José M. C. Pereira A and Jeremy Russell-Smith BA Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
B Darwin Centre for Bushfire Research, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia.
C Corresponding author. Email: sofiaoliveiral@gmail.com
International Journal of Wildland Fire 24(2) 249-260 https://doi.org/10.1071/WF13201
Submitted: 27 November 2013 Accepted: 16 September 2014 Published: 3 March 2015
Abstract
Earth observation sensors play an important role in quantifying the energy released by fires and capturing their spatial and temporal dynamics. Using estimates of MODIS-derived fire radiative power (FRP) we characterised bushfire activity and intensity in tropical savannas of northern Australia, by season and vegetation type, over the period 2004–2012. Our results indicate that fire activity was highest in the Northern Territory and lowest in Queensland. Mean daily number of fire detections was almost twice as high in the late dry season (August–November) compared to the early dry season (May–July). Fire season was bimodal with fire activity peaks in May and October. Median fire intensity was lower for early dry season fires (29 MW) than late dry season fires (56 MW), and was positively correlated with the number of fire detections. Vegetation types with sparse canopy structure showed lower fire activity and higher intensity. Remote sensing of FRP provides frequent estimates of fire intensity over broad areas, allowing the comparison of this key fire behaviour metric across ecosystems and throughout the fire season. FRP estimates may also be used to draw inferences regarding fire effects, once the complexity and ecosystem-specificity of the relationships between fire intensity and fire severity is acknowledged.
Additional keyword: MODIS.
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