In this systematic review, we investigated within-subjects comparisons of sexual risk behaviour in encounters reported by men who have sex with men where these reports presented associations between internet sex-seeking and sexual risk behaviour. We found that internet sex-seeking and sexual risk behaviour were inconsistently linked in this population. However, more research that addresses current contexts of internet sex-seeking, such as through smartphone apps, is needed to better understand these associations.

A cross sectional survey of 244 Noongar people aged 16–30 years was conducted. The survey aimed to describe sexual health behaviour, alcohol and other drug use and health service utilisation. Although some respondents engaged in risky sexual behaviour, alcohol and other drug use or both, most did not. Particularly encouraging was the engagement of respondents with the health care system, especially among those engaging in risky behaviours.

Sexually transmissible infections (STIs) are diagnosed in young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders at higher rates compared to other young people in Australia. This study reports on the findings of a cross-sectional survey that explored the sexual behaviours and health service utilisation for young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living in north Queensland. Key findings included early age at first sex, variable condom use and low uptake of STI testing.

This article describes findings of a qualitative study about Australian 15–20 year olds’ exposure to pornography. Findings reveal a potential link between exposure to pornography, young men’s sexual expectations and pressure experienced by young women to conform to what is being viewed in porn. Concern was also expressed about gendered norms that reinforce men’s subordination of women.

The current study aimed to identify behavioural and identity formation variables associated with seeking sex online among 445 gay and bisexual adolescents and youth. Nearly half of the sample used the Internet for seeking sex, which was correlated with substance use and sexual risk behaviour. Seeking sex online was found as a predictor for sexual risk behaviour beyond all other predictors. Seeking sex online is influenced by the gay sub-culture climate and peer group relationships, rather than by social stressor variables related to sexual orientation formation processes, or by the subject’s general mental health condition

Although many people who inject drugs (PID) contend with comorbidities, including high rates of mental illness, limited attention has been given to the differences in comorbidities among men and women or the potential links between psychiatric disorders and HIV risk behaviours. We sought to longitudinally examine associations between depression and HIV-related sexual risk behaviours among PID, stratified by gender. In multivariate analyses, after adjustment for potential social, demographic and behavioural confounders, more severe depressive symptomology remained independently associated with engaging in unprotected sex and having multiple sexual partners among women, but was only marginally associated with having multiple sexual partners among men. These findings call for improved integration of psychiatric screening and treatment services within existing public health initiatives designed for PID, particularly for women.

Young people’s perceptions of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services are investigated through a cross-sectional study via eight reference group meetings and an electronic survey in four sites: Atherton Tablelands, Rockhampton, Toowoomba and Townsville. Data from 391 rural and regional participants was precoded for bivariate comparisons involving χ² and confidence interval tests. Results showed that the most valued markers of quality in SRH services defined by young people all related to staff characteristics: friendly, easy to talk to staff, who were good listeners and did not judge them. Training and retention of staff with these attributes can improve SRH service provision for youth.

The composition of combination antiretroviral therapy has changed over time, but the impact this change has had on the prevalence of lipodystrophy is unclear. Our study compares the prevalence of lipodystrophy, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk in HIV-infected males in 1998 and in 2010, 12 years later at the same institution– whilst lipodystrophy prevalence appears to be declining – metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk are increasing.

This study shows Pap smear test rates among community-attached lesbian, bisexual and queer (LBQ) women in New South Wales (NSW) have changed little over time. The 3-year participation rate was similar to the general NSW population. Significant predictors for ever having attended for a Pap smear test included ever having had a sexually transmissible infection test, being out about sexuality to a regular doctor and ever having had sex with men. Findings highlight the importance of health providers providing a safe and welcoming environment for LBQ women to openly discuss their health.

The uptake of HIV-related intervention services by female sex workers (FSWs) is low in China and is particularly low among young and recently started FSWs in Shenzhen, South China. The uptake of HIV-related intervention services is positively associated with good HIV knowledge and consistent condom use. Programs to promote uptake of HIV-related intervention services by FSWs are largely needed, and should target young and recently started FSWs more intensively.

Between July 2011 and June 2012, 22 in-depth interviews were conducted with people who inject drugs (PWID) participating in the Mitsampan Community Research Project in Bangkok, Thailand. Semi-structured interviews explored willingness to access rapid HIV testing delivered by a healthcare professional or a trained peer within peer-based drop-in centres. Many PWID in this study sample noted the value of a peer-based approach to receiving testing and indicated their willingness to access rapid HIV testing in peer-based drop-in centres. The findings from this study highlight the potential for novel peer-based methods to complement existing HIV services in an effort to improve access to testing among this population.

Women in the U.S. military report a high prevalence of sexual risk behaviours, such as binge drinking and new or multiple sexual partnerships. However, demographical differences pose challenges to making comparisons with civilians. In this study, two public-use datasets were used to compare prevalence of sexual risk behaviours between sexually active military and civilian women, after adjusting for demographic factors. It was found that women in the military reported a higher prevalence of binge drinking and new/multiple sexual partners as compared with civilians, which suggests that military women are a high-risk group and the military environment may at least partially facilitate these risk behaviours.