Industry environmental offset funding facilitates a large multi-species fauna translocation program
Judy Dunlop![https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4842-0672](/media/client/orcid_16x16.png)
A Western Australian Feral Cat Working Group, 58 Sutton St, Mandurah, WA 6210, Australia.
B School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
C Institute for Land, Water and Society, School of Environmental Science, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia.
D Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, WA 6983, Australia.
E Chevron Australia Pty Ltd, 250 St Georges Terrace, Perth, WA 6000, Australia.
F Corresponding author. Email: judy.dunlop@wafcwg.org.au
Pacific Conservation Biology 28(3) 231-246 https://doi.org/10.1071/PC20036
Submitted: 20 April 2020 Accepted: 21 June 2021 Published: 16 July 2021
Journal Compilation © CSIRO 2022 Open Access CC BY
Abstract
Worldwide deterioration in natural communities has led to an increased use of fauna translocations to improve conservation status and restore ecological function. However, few translocation programs have sufficient resources to involve multiple species and destination locations with appropriate threat management and monitoring before and after release. As part of conservation actions to mitigate impacts of the Chevron Australia Gorgon liquefied natural gas project on Barrow Island Nature Reserve, biodiversity offset funding was provided to benefit species impacted by the development. Animals were translocated from three islands to two mainland locations in Western Australia. We aimed to: (1) improve conservation status and security of several threatened species; and (2) contribute to reconstruction of pre-European fauna assemblages. Nine hundred and seventy five individuals of six mammal and two bird species were translocated. These included 421 golden bandicoots (Isoodon auratus barrowensis), 111 spectacled hare-wallabies (Lagorchestes conspicillatus conspicillatus), 105 Barrow Island boodies (Bettongia lesueur ssp. Barrow Island), 104 brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula hypoleucus), 62 mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus ssp. Tanami), 88 djoongari (Pseudomys fieldi), 37 black and white fairy-wrens (Malurus leucopterus edouardi) and 47 spinifexbirds (Eremiornis carteri). Of 11 new populations, only two failed to establish; attributed to native and feral predators. Additional populations of four species of threatened mammal (one of which has now been reduced in conservation listing) and one species of threatened bird were established. To our knowledge, this is the largest translocation effort ever undertaken in Australia and is a rare example of an offset that has provided tangible threatened species benefit.
Keywords: Australia, conservation biology, fauna reconstruction, marsupials, reintroduction.
References
Abbott, I. (2006). Mammalian faunal collapse in Western Australia, 1875–1925: The hypothesised role of epizootic disease and a conceptual model of its origin, introduction, transmission, and spread. Australian Zoologist 33, 530–561.| Mammalian faunal collapse in Western Australia, 1875–1925: The hypothesised role of epizootic disease and a conceptual model of its origin, introduction, transmission, and spread.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Abbott, I. (2008). Historical perspectives of the ecology of some conspicuous vertebrate species in south-west Western Australia. Conservation Science Western Australia 6, 1–214.
Abbott, I., and Burbidge, A. (1995). The occurrence of mammal species on the islands of Australia: a summary of existing knowledge. CALMScience 1, 259–324.
Abbott, I. (2012). Original distribution of Trichosurus vulpecula (Marsupialia: Phalangeridae) in Western Australia, with particular reference to occurrence outside the southwest. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 95, 83–93.
Algar, D., Burbidge, A. A., and Angus, G. J. (2002). Cat eradication on Hermite Island, Montebello Islands, Western Australia. In ‘Turning the Tide: the Eradication of Invasive Species’, (Eds C. R. Veitch and M. N. Clout), pp. 465–473. (IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group: Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.)
Algar, D., Onus, M., and Hamilton, N. (2013). Feral cat control as part of rangelands restoration at Lorna Glen (Matuwa), Western Australia: the first seven years. Conservation Science Western Australia 8, 367–381.
Ambrose, S. J., and Murphy, D. P. (1994). Synchronous breeding of land birds on Barrow Island, Western Australia, after cyclonic summer rains. Emu-Austral Ornithology 94, 55–58.
| Synchronous breeding of land birds on Barrow Island, Western Australia, after cyclonic summer rains.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Andrew, P., Cogger, H., Driscoll, D., Flakus, S., Harlow, P., Maple, D., Misso, M., Pink, C., Retallick, K., Rose, K., Tiernan, B., West, J., and Woinarski, J. C. Z. (2018). Somewhat saved: a captive breeding programme for two endemic Christmas Island lizard species, now extinct in the wild. Oryx 52, 171–174.
| Somewhat saved: a captive breeding programme for two endemic Christmas Island lizard species, now extinct in the wild.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Armstrong, D. P., and Seddon, P. J. (2007). Directions in reintroduction biology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 23, 20–25.
| Directions in reintroduction biology.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 18160175PubMed |
Baynes, A. (2006). Preliminary assessment of the original mammal fauna of Lorna Glen station. Unpublished Report to the Department of Environment and Conservation, Western Australia: Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth, Western Australia.
Baynes, A., and Jones, B. (1993). The mammals of Cape Range peninsula, north-western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 45, 207–225.
Bennett, V. A., Doerr, V. A. J., Doerr, E. D., Manning, A. D., Lindenmayer, D. B., and Yoon, H. (2013). Causes of reintroduction failure of the brown treecreeper: Implications for ecosystem restoration. Austral Ecology 38, 700–712.
| Causes of reintroduction failure of the brown treecreeper: Implications for ecosystem restoration.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bettink, K. A. (2016). Shedding light on rakali: Genetic and morphological differentiation in the Australo-Papuan golden-bellied water rat (Hydromys chrysogaster), with notes on the Barrow Island population. PhD thesis, University of Western Australia, Perth.
Bode, M., Brennan, K., Morris, K., Burrows, N., and Hague, N. (2012). Choosing cost-effective locations for conservation fences in the local landscape. Wildlife Research 39, 192–201.
| Choosing cost-effective locations for conservation fences in the local landscape.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bull, J. W., Suttle, K. B., Gordon, A., Singh, N. J., and Milner-Gulland, E. J. (2013). Biodiversity offsets in theory and practice. Oryx 47, 369–380.
| Biodiversity offsets in theory and practice.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Burbidge, A. (1999). Conservation values and management of Australian islands for non-volant mammal conservation. Australian Mammalogy 21, 67–74.
| Conservation values and management of Australian islands for non-volant mammal conservation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Burbidge, A. A. (2004). Montebello Renewal: Western Shield review-February 2003. Conservation Science Western Australia 5, 194.
Burbidge, A. (2011). Unexpected deaths of spinifexbirds and black-and-white fairy-wrens. Report to the DEC Animal Ethics Committee: Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth.
Burbidge, A. A., and Manly, B. F. J. (2002). Mammal extinctions on Australian islands: causes and conservation implications. Journal of Biogeography 29, 465–473.
| Mammal extinctions on Australian islands: causes and conservation implications.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Burbidge, A. A., and Abbott, I. (2017). Mammals on Western Australian islands: occurrence and preliminary analysis. Australian Journal of Zoology 65, 183–195.
| Mammals on Western Australian islands: occurrence and preliminary analysis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Burbidge, A., Blythman, M., Danks, A., and Hamilton, N. (2019). Bringing back the birds of the Montebellos. Landscope 34, 28–33.
Burbidge, A. A., Blyth, J. D., Fuller, P. J., Kendrick, P. G., Stanley, F. J., and Smith, L. E. (2000). The terrestrial vertebrate fauna of the Montebello Islands, Western Australia. CALM Science 3, 95–107.
Cabezas, S., Blas, J., Marchant, T. A., and Moreno, S. (2007). Physiological stress levels predict survival probabilities in wild rabbits. Hormones and Behavior 51, 313–320.
| Physiological stress levels predict survival probabilities in wild rabbits.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17258747PubMed |
Chapman, T. F. (2015a). Reintroduced burrowing bettongs (Bettongia lesueur) scatter hoard sandalwood (Santalum spicatum) seed. Australian Journal of Zoology 63, 76–79.
| Reintroduced burrowing bettongs (Bettongia lesueur) scatter hoard sandalwood (Santalum spicatum) seed.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Chapman, T. F. (2015b). Comparison of soils and plants on the active and relic parts of a recolonised burrowing bettong (Bettongia lesueur) warren. Pacific Conservation Biology 21, 298–306.
| Comparison of soils and plants on the active and relic parts of a recolonised burrowing bettong (Bettongia lesueur) warren.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Chapman, T., and Burrows, N. (2015). Lorna Glen (Matuwa) small vertebrate fauna monitoring program 2002–2010 – preliminary analysis and review. Department of Parks and Wildlife, Perth.
Chevron Australia. (2015). Gorgon gas development and Jansz feed gas pipeline: Five year environmental performance report. Chevron Australia, Perth.
Clayton, J. A., Pavey, C. R., Vernes, K., and Tighe, M. (2014). Review and analysis of Australian macropod translocations 1969–2006. Mammal Review 44, 109–123.
| Review and analysis of Australian macropod translocations 1969–2006.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Department of Parks and Wildlife. (2013). Gorgon Gas Development: Threatened and priority species translocation and reintroduction program. Annual Report 2012-2013. Department of Parks and Wildlife, Perth.
Dickens, M. J., Delehanty, D. J., and Romero, L. M. (2009). Stress and translocation: alterations in the stress physiology of translocated birds. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, 2051–2056.
| Stress and translocation: alterations in the stress physiology of translocated birds.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19324794PubMed |
Dirzo, R., Young, H. S., Galetti, M., Ceballos, G., Isaac, N. J. B., and Collen, B. (2014). Defaunation in the Anthropocene. Science 345, 401–406.
| Defaunation in the Anthropocene.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 25061202PubMed |
Doherty, T. S., Dickman, C. R., Johnson, C. N., Legge, S. M., Ritchie, E. G., and Woinarski, J. C. Z. (2016). Impacts and management of feral cats in Australia. Mammal Review 47, 87–97.
| Impacts and management of feral cats in Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Dortch, C. E., and Morse, K. (1984). Prehistoric stone artefacts on some offshore islands in Western Australia. Australian Archaeology 19, 31–47.
| Prehistoric stone artefacts on some offshore islands in Western Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Dunlop, J. A. (2015). The ecology and host parasite dynamics of a fauna translocation in Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, Perth.
Dunlop, J., and Morris, K. (2018). Environmental determination of body size in mammals: Rethinking ‘island dwarfism’ in the golden bandicoot. Austral Ecology 43, 817–827.
| Environmental determination of body size in mammals: Rethinking ‘island dwarfism’ in the golden bandicoot.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Dunlop, J. A., and Watson, M. J. (in press). The hitchhiker’s guide to Australia: a parasitological perspective on conservation translocations. Austral Ecology.
Dunlop, J. A., Sims, C., and Morris, K. (2011). Translocation Proposal: Reintroduction of Mala from Trimouille Island, Peron Captive Breeding Centre and Return to Dryandra, to Lorna Glen Conservation Park. Department of Environment and Conservation.
Fleming, P. A., Anderson, H., Prendergast, A. S., Bretz, M. R., Valentine, L. E., and Hardy, G. E. S. (2014). Is the loss of Australian digging mammals contributing to a deterioration in ecosystem function. Mammal Review 44, 94–108.
| Is the loss of Australian digging mammals contributing to a deterioration in ecosystem function.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Geyle, H. M., Woinarski, J. C. Z., Baker, G. B., Dickman, C. R., Dutson, G., Fisher, D. O., Ford, H., Holdsworth, M., Jones, M. E., Kutt, A., Legge, S., Leiper, I., Loyn, R., Murphy, B. P., Menkhorst, P., Reside, A. E., Ritchie, E. G., Roberts, F. E., Tingley, R., and Garnett, S. T. (2018). Quantifying extinction risk and forecasting the number of impending Australian bird and mammal extinctions. Pacific Conservation Biology 24, 157–167.
| Quantifying extinction risk and forecasting the number of impending Australian bird and mammal extinctions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gibbons, P., and Lindenmayer, D. B. (2007). Offsets for land clearing: No net loss or the tail wagging the dog. Ecological Management & Restoration 8, 26–31.
| Offsets for land clearing: No net loss or the tail wagging the dog.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Goutte, A., Antoine, É., Weimerskirch, H., and Chastel, O. (2010). Age and the timing of breeding in a long-lived bird: a role for stress hormones. Functional Ecology 24, 1007–1016.
| Age and the timing of breeding in a long-lived bird: a role for stress hormones.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Government of Western Australia. (2003). Barrow Island Act 2003. Government of Western Australia, Perth.
Government of Western Australia (2009). Variation Agreement, 1–15.
Government of Western Australia. (2018). Wildlife conservation (Specially protected fauna) notice. Government of Western Australia, Perth.
Holland, G. (2007). Encyclopedia of aviculture. Hancock House, Surrey, B.C. Canada.
IUCN SSC. (2013). Guidelines for reintroductions and other conservation translocations. Reintroduction and Invasive Species Specialist Groups’ Task Force, Gland, Switzerland.
Ives, C. D., and Bekessy, S. A. (2015). The ethics of offsetting nature. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 13, 568–573.
| The ethics of offsetting nature.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Jackson, S. (2007). Australian mammals: biology and captive management. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne.
James, A. I., and Eldridge, D. J. (2007). Reintroduction of fossorial native mammals and potential impacts on ecosystem processes in an Australian desert landscape. Biological Conservation 138, 351–359.
| Reintroduction of fossorial native mammals and potential impacts on ecosystem processes in an Australian desert landscape.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Jolly, C. J., Webb, J. K., and Phillips, B. L. (2018). The perils of paradise: an endangered species conserved on an island loses antipredator behaviours within 13 generations. Biology Letters 14, 20180222.
| The perils of paradise: an endangered species conserved on an island loses antipredator behaviours within 13 generations.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 29875211PubMed |
Jones, H. P., Tershy, B. R., Zavaleta, E. S., Croll, D. A., Keitt, B. S., Finkelstein, M. E., and Howald, G. R. (2008). Severity of the effects of invasive rats on seabirds: a global review. Conservation Biology 22, 16–26.
| Severity of the effects of invasive rats on seabirds: a global review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 18254849PubMed |
Jones, H. P., Holmes, N. D., Butchart, S. H. M., Tershy, B. R., Kappes, P. J., Corkery, I., Aguirre-Muñoz, A., Armstrong, D. P., Bonnaud, E., Burbidge, A. A., Campbell, K., Courchamp, F., Cowan, P. E., Cuthbert, R. J., Ebbert, S., Genovesi, P., Howald, G. R., Keitt, B. S., Kress, S. W., Miskelly, C. M., Oppel, S., Poncet, S., Rauzon, M. J., Rocamora, G., Russell, J. C., Samaniego-Herrera, A., Seddon, P. J., Spatz, D. R., Towns, D. R., and Croll, D. A. (2016). Invasive mammal eradication on islands results in substantial conservation gains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, 4033–4038.
| Invasive mammal eradication on islands results in substantial conservation gains.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lagdon, R., and Moro, D. (2013). The Gorgon gas development and its environmental commitments. Records of the Western Australian Museum 9, 011.
| The Gorgon gas development and its environmental commitments.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Langford, D., and Burbidge, A. A. (2001). Translocation of mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) from the Tanami Desert, Northern Territory to Trimouille Island, Western Australia. Australian Mammalogy 23, 37–46.
| Translocation of mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) from the Tanami Desert, Northern Territory to Trimouille Island, Western Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lindenmayer, D. B., Crane, M., Evans, M. C., Maron, M., Gibbons, P., Bekessy, S., and Blanchard, W. (2017). The anatomy of a failed offset. Biological Conservation 210, 286–292.
| The anatomy of a failed offset.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lloyd, N. A., Hostetter, N. J., Jackson, C. L., Converse, S. J., and Moehrenschlager, A. (2019). Future directions to escalate benefits of the stepping‐stone approach for conservation translocations. Animal Conservation 22, 122–123.
| Future directions to escalate benefits of the stepping‐stone approach for conservation translocations.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lohr, C. (2018). Closure report for SPP 2012-0024: Rangelands restoration – reintroduction of native mammals to Lorna Glen (Matuwa). Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Perth.
Lohr, C., Van Dongen, R., Huntley, B., Gibson, L., and Morris, K. (2014). Remotely monitoring change in vegetation cover on the Montebello Islands, Western Australia, in response to introduced rodent eradication. PloS One 9, e114095.
| Remotely monitoring change in vegetation cover on the Montebello Islands, Western Australia, in response to introduced rodent eradication.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 25436454PubMed |
MacKenzie, D., Nichols, J. D., Royle, J. A., Pollock, K., Bailey, L. L., and Hines, J. (2017). Occupancy Estimation and Modeling: Inferring Patterns and Dynamics of Species Occurrence: Second Edition , .
| Occupancy Estimation and Modeling: Inferring Patterns and Dynamics of Species Occurrence: Second EditionCrossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 29119578PubMed |
Maron, M., Hobbs, R. J., Moilanen, A., Matthews, J. W., Christie, K., Gardner, T. A., Keith, D. A., Lindenmayer, D., and McAlpine, C. A. (2012). Faustian bargains? Restoration realities in the context of biodiversity offset policies. Biological Conservation 155, 141–148.
| Faustian bargains? Restoration realities in the context of biodiversity offset policies.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Maron, M., Gordon, A., Mackey, B. G., Possingham, H. P., and Watson, J. E. M. (2015). Conservation: stop misuse of biodiversity offsets. Nature News 523, 401.
| Conservation: stop misuse of biodiversity offsets.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Maron, M., Ives, C. D., Kujala, H., Bull, J. W., Maseyk, F. J. F., Bekessy, S., Gordon, A., Watson, J. E. M., Lentini, P. E., Gibbons, P., Possingham, H. P., Hobbs, R. J., Keith, D. A., Wintle, B. A., and Evans, M. C. (2016). Taming a Wicked Problem: Resolving Controversies in Biodiversity Offsetting. Bioscience 66, 489–498.
| Taming a Wicked Problem: Resolving Controversies in Biodiversity Offsetting.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Maron, M., Brownlie, S., Bull, J. W., Evans, M. C., von Hase, A., Quétier, F., Watson, J. E. M., and Gordon, A. (2018). The many meanings of no net loss in environmental policy. Nature Sustainability 1, 19–27.
| The many meanings of no net loss in environmental policy.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
May, J., Hobbs, R. J., and Valentine, L. E. (2017). Are offsets effective? An evaluation of recent environmental offsets in Western Australia. Biological Conservation 206, 249–257.
| Are offsets effective? An evaluation of recent environmental offsets in Western Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
McCauley, D. J. (2006). Selling out on nature. Nature 443, 27–28.
| Selling out on nature.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 16957711PubMed |
McKenzie, N. L., Morris, K. D., and Dickman, C. R. (2008). Golden Bandicoot, Isoodon auratus. In ‘The mammals of Australia.’ Third edn. (Eds S. Van Dyck and R. Strahan) pp. 176–178. (Reed New Holland: Sydney.)
McKenzie, N. L., Morris, K. D., and Dickman, C. R. (2013). Golden Bandicoot, Isoodon auratus. In ‘Field companion to the mammals of Australia’ (Eds S. Van Dyck and I. Gynther). (New Holland Publishers: Sydney.)
Medina, F. M., Bonnaud, E., Vidal, E., Tershy, B. R., Zavaleta, E. S., Josh Donlan, C., Keitt, B. S., Le Corre, M., Horwath, S. V., and Nogales, M. (2011). A global review of the impacts of invasive cats on island endangered vertebrates. Global Change Biology 17, 3503–3510.
| A global review of the impacts of invasive cats on island endangered vertebrates.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Montague, P. D. (1914). 35. A Report on the Fauna of the Monte Bello Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 84, 625–652.
| 35. A Report on the Fauna of the Monte Bello Islands.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Moore, H. A., Dunlop, J. A., Valentine, L. E., Woinarski, J. C. Z., Ritchie, E. G., Watson, D. M., and Nimmo, D. G. (2019). Topographic ruggedness and rainfall mediate geographic range contraction of a threatened marsupial predator. Diversity and Distributions 25, 1818–1831.
| Topographic ruggedness and rainfall mediate geographic range contraction of a threatened marsupial predator.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Moro, D., and Lagdon, R. (2013). History and environment of Barrow Island. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83, 1–8.
| History and environment of Barrow Island.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Morris, K. D. (2002). The eradication of the black rat (Rattus rattus) on Barrow and adjacent islands off the north-west coast of Western Australia. In ‘Turning the tide: the eradication of invasive species’, (Eds C. R. Veitch and M. N. Clout), pp. 219–225. (IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group: Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.)
Morris, K. D., and Yates, C. (2016). Barrow Island threatened and priority species translocation and reintroduction program. Strategic Plan 2010–2023: Department of Parks and Wildlife, Perth.
Morris, K., Speldewinde, P., Orell, P., and Unit, C. (2000). Djoongari (Shark Bay mouse) recovery plan. Wildlife Management Program 17: Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth.
Morris, K., Page, M., Kay, R., Renwick, J., Desmond, A., Comer, S., Burbidge, A., Kuchling, G., and Sims, C. (2015). Forty years of fauna translocations in Western Australia: lessons learned. In ‘Advances in Reintroduction Biology of Australian and New Zealand Fauna’, (Eds D. P. Armstrong, M. W. Hayward, D. Moro and P. J. Seddon), pp. 217–235. (CSIRO Publishing: Clayton South, Victoria.)
Morris, K. D., Page, M., Thomas, N., and Ottewell, K. (2017). A strategic framework for the reconstruction and conservation of the vertebrate fauna of Dirk Hartog Island, 2017–2030. Department of Parks and Wildlife, Perth.
Moseby, K. E., Read, J. L., Paton, D. C., Copley, P., Hill, B. M., and Crisp, H. A. (2011). Predation determines the outcome of 10 reintroduction attempts in arid South Australia. Biological Conservation 144, 2863–2872.
| Predation determines the outcome of 10 reintroduction attempts in arid South Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Ostendorf, B., Boardman, W. S. J., and Taggart, D. A. (2016). Islands as refuges for threatened species: multispecies translocation and evidence of species interactions four decades on. Australian Mammalogy 38, 204–212.
| Islands as refuges for threatened species: multispecies translocation and evidence of species interactions four decades on.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Ottewell, K., Dunlop, J., Thomas, N., and Morris, K. (2014). Evaluating success of translocations in maintaining genetic diversity in a threatened mammal. Biological Conservation 171, 209–219.
| Evaluating success of translocations in maintaining genetic diversity in a threatened mammal.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Otto, S. P. (2018). Adaptation, speciation and extinction in the Anthropocene. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 285, 20182047.
| Adaptation, speciation and extinction in the Anthropocene.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 30429309PubMed |
Parker, K. A., Dickens, M. J., Clarke, R. H., and Lovegrove, T. G. (2012). The theory and practice of catching, holding, moving and releasing animals. In ‘Reintroduction Biology: Integrating Science and Management’, (Eds J. G. Ewen, D. P. Armstrong, K. A. Parker and P. J. Seddon), pp. 105–137. (Wiley-Blackwell: West Sussex.)
Pedler, R. D., West, R. S., Read, J. L., Moseby, K. E., Letnic, M., Keith, D. A., Leggett, K. D., Ryall, S. R., and Kingsford, R. T. (2018). Conservation challenges and benefits of multispecies reintroductions to a national park – a case study from New South Wales, Australia. Pacific Conservation Biology 24, 397.
| Conservation challenges and benefits of multispecies reintroductions to a national park – a case study from New South Wales, Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Pérez, I., Anadón, J. D., Díaz, M., Nicola, G. G., Tella, J. L., and Giménez, A. (2012). What is wrong with current translocations? A review and a decision‐making proposal. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 10, 494–501.
| What is wrong with current translocations? A review and a decision‐making proposal.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Pimm, S. L., Jenkins, C. N., Abell, R., Brooks, T. M., Gittleman, J. L., Joppa, L. N., Raven, P. H., Roberts, C. M., and Sexton, J. O. (2014). The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection. Science 344, 1246752.
| The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 24876501PubMed |
Pruett-Jones, S., and O’Donnell, E. (2004). Land birds on Barrow Island: status, population estimates, and responses to an oil-field development. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 87, 101.
Richardson, J., Watson, G., and Kregor, G. (2006). The distribution of terrestrial vertebrate fauna in the Montebello Islands. Conservation Science Western Australia 5, 269–271.
Rick, K., Ottewell, K., Lohr, C., Thavornkanlapachai, R., Byrne, M., and Kennington, W. J. (2019). Population Genomics of Bettongia lesueur: Admixing Increases Genetic Diversity with no Evidence of Outbreeding Depression. Genes 10, 851.
| Population Genomics of Bettongia lesueur: Admixing Increases Genetic Diversity with no Evidence of Outbreeding Depression.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Ringma, J., Legge, S., Woinarski, J., Radford, J., Wintle, B., and Bode, M. (2018). Australia’s mammal fauna requires a strategic and enhanced network of predator-free havens. Nature Ecology and Evolution 2, 410–411.
| Australia’s mammal fauna requires a strategic and enhanced network of predator-free havens.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 29335573PubMed |
Sedgwick, E. H. (1978). A population study of the Barrow Island avifauna. Western Australian Naturalist 14, 85–108.
Sheean, V. A., Manning, A. D., and Lindenmayer, D. B. (2011). An assessment of scientific approaches towards species relocations in Australia. Austral Ecology 37, 204–215.
| An assessment of scientific approaches towards species relocations in Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Shephard, M. (1994). Aviculture in Australia. Keeping and Breeding Aviary Birds. Reed, Chatswood.
Short, J., and Turner, B. (1991). Distribution and abundance of spectacled hare-wallabies and euros on Barrow Island, western Australia. Wildlife Research 18, 421–429.
| Distribution and abundance of spectacled hare-wallabies and euros on Barrow Island, western Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Short, J., and Turner, B. (1994). A test of the vegetation mosaic hypothesis: a hypothesis to explain the decline and extinction of Australian mammals. Conservation Biology 8, 439–449.
| A test of the vegetation mosaic hypothesis: a hypothesis to explain the decline and extinction of Australian mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Short, J., Copley, P., Ruykys, L., Morris, K., Read, J., and Moseby, K. (2019). Review of translocations of the greater stick-nest rat (Leporillus conditor): lessons learnt to facilitate ongoing recovery. Wildlife Research 46, 455–475.
| Review of translocations of the greater stick-nest rat (Leporillus conditor): lessons learnt to facilitate ongoing recovery.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Sims, C., Morris, K., and Blythman, M. (2017). Rangelands Restoration: Fauna recovery at Matuwa (Lorna Glen) Western Australia. Annual Report. Department of Parks and Wildlife, Perth.
Thackway, R., and Cresswell, I. D. (1995). An Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia: a framework for establishing the national system of reserves, Version 4.0. Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Canberra.
Thavornkanlapachai, R., Mills, H. R., Ottewell, K., Dunlop, J., Sims, C., Morris, K., Donaldson, F., and Kennington, W. J. (2019). Mixing Genetically and Morphologically Distinct Populations in Translocations: Asymmetrical Introgression in A Newly Established Population of the Boodie (Bettongia lesueur). Genes 10, 729.
| Mixing Genetically and Morphologically Distinct Populations in Translocations: Asymmetrical Introgression in A Newly Established Population of the Boodie (Bettongia lesueur).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Vogelnest, L., and Portas, T. (2008). Macropods. Medicine of Australian Mammals , 133–225.
| Macropods.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Waller, N. L., Gynther, I. C., Freeman, A. B., Lavery, T. H., and Leung, L. K.-P. (2017). The Bramble Cay melomys rubicola (Rodentia: Muridae): a first mammalian extinction caused by human-induced climate change. Wildlife Research 44, 9–21.
| The Bramble Cay melomys rubicola (Rodentia: Muridae): a first mammalian extinction caused by human-induced climate change.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
White, A. W., and Pyke, G. H. (2008). Frogs on the hop: translocations of Green and Golden Bell Frogs Litoria aurea in Greater Sydney. Australian Zoologist 34, 249–260.
| Frogs on the hop: translocations of Green and Golden Bell Frogs Litoria aurea in Greater Sydney.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Whitwell, S. M., Amiot, C., Mclean, I. G., Lovegrove, T. G., Armstrong, D., Brunton, D. H., and Weihong, J. I. (2012). Losing anti‐predatory behaviour: A cost of translocation. Austral Ecology 37, 413–418.
| Losing anti‐predatory behaviour: A cost of translocation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Woinarski, J. C. Z., Ward, S., Mahney, T., Bradley, J., Brennan, K., Ziembicki, M., and Fisher, A. (2011). The mammal fauna of the Sir Edward Pellew island group, Northern Territory, Australia: refuge and death-trap. Wildlife Research 38, 307–322.
| The mammal fauna of the Sir Edward Pellew island group, Northern Territory, Australia: refuge and death-trap.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Woinarski, J. C. Z., Burbidge, A. A., and Harrison, P. L. (2015a). A review of the conservation status of Australian mammals. Therya 6, 155–166.
| A review of the conservation status of Australian mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Woinarski, J. C. Z., Burbidge, A., and Harrison, P. L. (2015b). Ongoing unraveling of a continental fauna: Decline and extinction of Australian mammals since European settlement. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, 4531–4540.
| Ongoing unraveling of a continental fauna: Decline and extinction of Australian mammals since European settlement.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Woinarski, J. C. Z., Garnett, S. T., Legge, S. M., and Lindenmayer, D. B. (2017). The contribution of policy, law, management, research, and advocacy failings to the recent extinctions of three Australian vertebrate species. Conservation Biology 31, 13–23.
| The contribution of policy, law, management, research, and advocacy failings to the recent extinctions of three Australian vertebrate species.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Wysong, M. L., Tulloch, A. I. T., Valentine, L. E., Hobbs, R. J., Morris, K., and Ritchie, E. G. (2019). The truth about cats and dogs: assessment of apex- and mesopredator diets improves with reduced observer uncertainty. Journal of Mammalogy 100, 410–422.
| The truth about cats and dogs: assessment of apex- and mesopredator diets improves with reduced observer uncertainty.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |