Can a critical reading of Zoopolis by Donaldson and Kymlicka lead to advocating dialogue between animal rights theorists and zoologists?
Daniel Lunney
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
Office of Environment and Heritage NSW, PO Box 1967, Hurstville, NSW 2220, Australia and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia and School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia. Email: dan.lunney@environment.nsw.gov.au
Pacific Conservation Biology 25(1) 72-91 https://doi.org/10.1071/PC17052
Submitted: 29 November 2017 Accepted: 3 October 2018 Published: 28 November 2018
Abstract
This essay is a zoologist’s response to Zoopolis. A political theory of animal rights by Donaldson and Kymlicka (2011). What drew me to look at their new approach was that geography played a part in conceptualising animal communities and, in particular, the specific focus on wild animals and urban wildlife. To oversimplify, Donaldson and Kymlicka say, much of the debate operates within one of three basic moral frameworks: a welfarist, an ecological and a basic rights approach, but none has proved capable of fundamental change. That change will only be possible, they consider, if we can develop a new moral framework that connects the treatment of animals more directly to the fundamental principles of liberal–democratic justice and human rights. A major point of agreement between zoologists and Donaldson’s and Kymlicka’s views is that animals deserve more than being over-ridden at every encounter with human interests. A major stalling point in advocating a dialogue between animal rights theorists and zoologists is where Donaldson and Kymlicka accept the animal rights position at the outset, rather than letting their thesis play out to see what their position might be for each geographic zone and for each species. Also, it is clear that Donaldson’s and Kymlicka’s starting point is the traditional animal rights agenda, which rules out animal research as morally illegitimate. The conservation of Australia’s fauna could not survive in that regime. Consequently, I cannot advocate dialogue between animal rights theorists and zoologists from a critical reading of Zoopolis.
Additional keywords: animal ethics, animal movement, animal research, animal rights, animal welfare, cats, Clare Palmer, conservation biology, ecology, extinction, John Hadley, political theory, Robert Garner, Siobhan O’Sullivan, Sue Donaldson, urban wildlife, Will Kymlicka, wildlife management.
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