Multi-gene insights into the taxonomy and conservation of Tasmania’s galaxiid fishes
Mark Adams A B , Michael P. Hammer C , Peter J. Unmack D , Tarmo A. Raadik E , Charlotte Jense F and Christopher P. Burridge
F *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Evolutionary Biology Unit, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
B School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
C Museum & Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin, NT 0810, Australia.
D Centre for Applied Water Science, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia.
E Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Heidelberg, Vic. 3084, Australia.
F Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tas. 7001, Australia.
Marine and Freshwater Research 74(13) 1113-1128 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF22263
Submitted: 6 December 2022 Accepted: 6 July 2023 Published: 28 July 2023
© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Abstract
Context: Galaxiids are a widespread, southern hemisphere, radiation of mostly obligate freshwater fishes. Tasmania houses a diversity of endemic species of Galaxias and Paragalaxias. Of these, many are at risk of extinction, being landlocked, range-restricted and subject to anthropogenic threats, placing a high-conservation priority on the region.
Aim: Our aim was to synthesise historic and published molecular datasets to provide the sound systematic framework needed to underpin future conservation and taxonomic efforts for Tasmanian galaxiids.
Methods: Novel and published nuclear (allozyme) and matrilineal (cytb) datasets were generated and integrated for every putative Tasmanian galaxiid species lacking a comparable multi-gene assessment.
Key results: The Tasmanian galaxiids are phylogenetically diverse, with molecular data generally supporting the accepted taxonomy, but with potential species-level diversity noted within an alpine radiation of the Galaxias truttaceus complex and further support for synonymy of G. niger within G. brevipinnis.
Conclusions: This study highlights the value of multi-locus studies in both validating species-level taxonomy and resolving taxonomic ambiguities and conservation priorities within Tasmania’s galaxiids.
Implications: Our integrated genetic analyses provide a framework to underpin more in-depth genomic approaches to assess additional cryptic diversity and conservation planning, such as genetic rescue and ex situ population security.
Keywords: allozymes, conservation genetics, cytonuclear discordance, Galaxiidae, landlocked population, mtDNA, Pedder Galaxias, species delimitation.
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