Disturbed by pH? Nacre tablet thickness of freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera) is a poor temperature proxy
Christoph J. Gey
A * , Frankie Thielen B , Laurent Pfister C D , Christophe Hissler C , Guilhem Türk C D , Sven Baier E and Bernd R. Schöne A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Institute of Geosciences, University of Mainz, Joh.-Joachim-Becher-Weg 21, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
B Natur&ëmwelt Fondation Hëllef fir d’Natur, 14 Haaptstrooss, L-9764 Marnach, Luxembourg.
C CAT/ENVISION/ERIN, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
D University of Luxembourg, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, 2 Avenue de l’Université, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
E Agilent Technologies Germany GmbH, D-76337 Waldbronn, Germany.
Marine and Freshwater Research 74(13) 1129-1144 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF23058
Submitted: 19 March 2023 Accepted: 17 July 2023 Published: 7 August 2023
© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Context: The ultrastructure of marine bivalve shells, specifically the thickness of nacre tablets has recently been identified to be related to water temperature.
Aims: This study investigates whether the nacre tablet thickness (NTT) of freshwater pearl mussel shells can serve as a proxy for stream water temperature.
Methods: Laboratory-grown juvenile and adult Margaritifera margaritifera from three streams were analysed using scanning electron microscopy to determine the relationship between NTT and water temperature.
Key results: Neither laboratory-grown juvenile nor adult specimens from the field revealed consistent NTT trends with temperature.
Conclusion: The NTT of M. margaritifera is largely uncoupled from stream water temperature. Presumably, fluctuations in stream water pH caused physiological stress and forced the animal to allocate more energy to homeostasis than to shell growth. The absence of a coupling between NTT of juvenile mussels and temperature is likely to be due to stronger physiological control on nacre tablet morphology during early stages of ontogeny, favouring thinner tablets with a larger proportion of organics v. CaCO3, which increases the fracture resistance of the shell.
Implications: Therefore, only if ambient pH remains stable, NTT of freshwater mussels beyond the age of five may serve as a temperature proxy, albeit being associated with a large error.
Keywords: biomineral unit, bivalve sclerochronology, Margaritiferidae, microstructure, nacre platelet thickness, organic matrices, paleoenvironmental reconstructions, physiological stress, scanning electron microscopy, shell growth, stream water bivalve, stream water pH, ultrastructure, Unionida.
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