Variation in morphology and life-history strategy of an exploited sparid fish
D. M. Parsons A E , M. A. Morrison A , B. M. Gillanders B , K. D. Clements C , S. J. Bury D , R. Bian A and K. T. Spong A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A NIWA Auckland, Private Bag 99940, Newmarket, 1149, Auckland, New Zealand.
B Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia.
C School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand.
D NIWA Greta Point, Private Bag 14901, Kilbirnie, 6241, Wellington, New Zealand.
E Corresponding author. Email: darren.parsons@niwa.co.nz
Marine and Freshwater Research 67(10) 1434-1444 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF15056
Submitted: 12 February 2015 Accepted: 10 June 2015 Published: 28 September 2015
Abstract
Defining appropriate management units to balance productivity and yield of exploited species is fundamental to effective resource management. Anecdotal and tag–recapture information related to morphology, movement behaviour and life-history strategy suggest that separate groups of snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) exist in the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand. To address the existence of discrete groups, we examined morphology, meristics and otolith chemistry from snapper collected throughout the Hauraki Gulf. We also used tag–recapture information, stable isotope analysis and interpreted functional aspects of morphology and meristics data to understand potential life-history strategy differences. Snapper from rocky reef habitats did not display morphology and meristic features distinct from snapper from soft sediment habitats and differences in otolith chemistry and stable isotope ratios could respectively be explained by a locational influence and predominance of kelp in rocky reef food webs. Conversely, snapper collected from a known spawning area had distinct morphological and meristic features consistent with semi–pelagic sparids and stable isotope analysis also indicated a potentially more pelagic and higher trophic-level diet. Maintenance of population complexity such as this is generally beneficial to fish populations, and can be achieved by revisiting the spatial units used for fishery management.
Additional keywords: fishery stocks, movement, otolith chemistry, Pagrus auratus, partial migration, phenotypic plasticity, stable isotopes.
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