This systematic review provides an updated overview of the main defence responses in citrus against different species of Phytophthora and of diseases management strategies in citrus, spreading from the classical management approach to the new biotechnology techniques for breeding resistant citrus rootstocks.

High-throughput sequencing of msRNAs were implemented from Spirulina platensis in H₂O₂ stress. Eight changed msRNAs were identified and confirmed experimentally under H₂O₂ stress. Expression changes of 13 genes displayed reversely patterns compared with their msRNAs. The target genes functions were mainly related to glycolysis and chlorophyll metabolism. These findings msRNA play important regulatory roles in oxidative stress responses.

Maize is an important crop that is often attacked by various insect pests, We studied the effects of the neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam, which can be transported through the xylem vasculature within the plant, and can persist for weeks after application. Photosynthesis effectiveness is crucial for yield; therefore, it is important to understand the effect of neonicotinoids on photosynthetic activity and detect these changes timely through non-invasive technique.

Allelopathy is an important mechanism in the process of plant invasion. The allelopathy of Oridonin in the stomatal development of plants is yet to be explored. Using Arabidopsis thaliana L., this work investigated the mechanisms that Oridonin induce stomatal closure by affecting GPA1 and promoting PLDα1 to produce PA, and further accumulating H₂O₂ to upregulate gene OST1. This study aimed to reveal the response of plants to diterpene allelochemicals to lay a foundation for the future study of plant response allelopathy.

This study explores the patterns of leaf phenotypic variation and integration in a sclerophyllous plant. Stomatal limitation varies with leaf morphology under drought stress, whereas it varies with leaf P investment under soil P deficiency. Leaf water-use efficiency was robustly correlated with leaf nutrients in water shortage, but not in P deficiency. The structure of trait covariation varies remarkably under different stressors, indicating that the pathways of strategic compromise are locally specialised.

Pearl millet is an important C₄ cereal plant that possess enormous capacity to survive under extreme climatic conditions. GRAS is an important transcription factor gene family of plant that play a critical role in developmental processes, stress responses and phytohormonal signalling. The aim of this study was to identify GRAS members and to understand evolutionary progression of GRAS family in pearl millet. The findings provide clear understanding about role of GRAS genes and lay a good foundation for the functional characterisation of GRAS genes.

We investigated the capacities and responses of the euhalophyte SaLi-Cornia perennans Willd. and glycohalophyte Artemisia santonica L. to accumulate natural (NaCl) and anthropogenic salts (Cu(NO₃)₂ and Cd(NO₃)₂). The eugalophyte S. perennans is characterised by accumulation of metal ions (as in its natural environment), whereas the glycohalophyte A. santonica is salt-resistant. Our findings suggest that S. perennans can be used for heavy metals extraction from soil in phytoremediation, while A. santonica will be more effective for greening of polluted territories.

Future space missions will require fully fledged plant development in a closed ecosystem in weightlessness. Such conditions of microgravity are modelled on Earth using two-axial clinorotation, under which Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. seedlings demonstrate altered phenotype and cytoskeleton organisation, and consequently accumulate less biomass. However, our data suggest that the ‘scattered’ organisation of cytoskeleton may be rapidly converted to a normal structure under the action of gravity vector.

Grapevine leaf mottling and deformation (GLMD) is a novel grapevine disease that has been associated with grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV). Despite the increase in the number of reports describing GLMD in vineyards worldwide, the literature still lacks information on virus–grapevine interactions at the cytological and molecular level. The results reported in this work contribute to understanding the biology of GPGV in its natural host and to improving knowledge of the novel GLMD disease, whose aetiology is still poorly understood.