Spatial variability of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in the southern Gulf of Mexico
María de la Luz Espinosa A C , Amparo Martínez A B , Oscar Peralta A and Telma Castro A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México DF, Mexico.
B Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático, Periférico 5000, Colonia Insurgentes Cuicuilco, 04530 México DF, Mexico.
C Corresponding author. Email: marilu@atmosfera.unam.mx
Environmental Chemistry 13(2) 352-363 https://doi.org/10.1071/EN14266
Submitted: 13 December 2014 Accepted: 20 May 2015 Published: 17 September 2015
Environmental context. Dimethylsulfide (DMS), the main biogenic sulfur compound in the atmosphere, is produced by the marine biosphere and plays an important role in the atmospheric sulfur cycle. This study recorded the spatial variability of DMS and dissolved and particulate dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in the water column of the southern Gulf of Mexico. The results suggest that the spatial variability of DMS and DMSP is directly related to the hydrodynamics of the study area.
Abstract. The spatial variability of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and dissolved and particulate dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPd and DMSPp) was recorded in the southern Gulf of Mexico at three different depths (10, 30 and 60 m) in January 2013. DMS and DMSP values were recorded through solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography. Average concentrations of DMS (2.8 ± 1.5 nM), DMSPd (1.7 ± 0.9 nM) and DMSPp (352 ± 157 nM) were significantly correlated with chlorophyll-a concentrations and the depth of the mixed layer. Vertical concentration profiles were similar, indicating a well-mixed water column with a thermocline at a depth of 50–100 m. Average DMS sea-to-air flux was 5.0 ± 1.7 µmol m–2 day–1. The greatest fluxes were recorded at the stations in the western region of the study area, owing to the combined effect of high DMS concentrations (3.7–7.21 nM) and a high wind speed (4.4–6.8 m s–1). The greatest concentrations were recorded at the stations nearest the coast. The distribution of DMS and DMSP was apparently related to the oceanic hydrodynamics.
Additional keywords: headspace solid-phase microextraction, mixed-layer depth, oceanic hydrodynamics.
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