Gene expression-based approaches to beef quality research
S. A. Lehnert A C , Y. H. Wang A , S. H. Tan A B and A. Reverter AA The Cooperative Research Centre for Cattle and Beef Quality, CSIRO Livestock Industries, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia.
B Present address: Centre for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia.
C Corresponding author. Email: sigrid.lehnert@csiro.au
Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46(2) 165-172 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA05226
Submitted: 24 August 2005 Accepted: 6 February 2005 Published: 3 March 2006
Abstract
Advances in mammalian genomics have permitted the application of gene expression profiling approaches to gene discovery for meat quality traits in cattle. The first custom cDNA microarray based on the transcriptome of bovine muscle and fat tissue was developed and applied to animal experimentation and cell culture experimentation between 1999 and 2005. Complementary DNA microarray tools for beef quality research were developed in parallel with bioinformatics tools that permit the analysis of microarray data obtained from complex experimental designs commonly encountered in large animal research. In addition, tools were designed to link gene expression data with gene function in the bovine, such as in vitro models of bovine adipogenesis and bioinformatics tools to map gene networks from expression data. The application of these genomics tools to the study of beef quality has yielded novel knowledge of genes and molecules involved in the processes of intramuscular adipogenesis and protein turnover. This review summarises the current state of knowledge and important lessons derived from bovine genomics initiatives in Australia and around the world.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the Cooperative Research Center for Cattle and Beef Quality and its core partners: The University of New England, NSW Agriculture, CSIRO and Queensland Department of Primary Industries; as well as by Meat and Livestock Australia (BSC.010). The authors would like to thank their many colleagues in the CRC for Cattle and Beef Quality and CSIRO Livestock Industries, without whom this work would not have been possible. In particular, the support of Drewe Ferguson, Paul Greenwood and Greg Harper has been invaluable. The authors would also like to acknowledge Peter Willadsen and Brian Dalrymple for constructive comments on the manuscript.
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