Chitosan-modified biochar immobilised arsenic in root medium and enhanced the growth of zucchini (cv. Courgette d’Italie) seedlings
Sajid Mehmood
A B C , Waqas Ahmed B C , Muhammad Imtiaz D , Muhammad Qaswar E , Muhammad Ikram F , Saqib Bashir G , Muhammad Rizwan H I , Sana Irshad J , Shuxin Tu H , Weidong Li A K and Di-Yun Chen B C K
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou City, 570100, PR China.
B Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
C School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
D Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
E Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
F Statistical Genomics Lab, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
G Department of Soil and Environmental Science, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
H College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
I Institute of Soil Science, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
J School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
K Corresponding authors. Email: 994362@hainanu.edu.cn; cdy@gzhu.edu.cn
Crop and Pasture Science - https://doi.org/10.1071/CP21080
Submitted: 5 February 2021 Accepted: 22 April 2021 Published online: 6 August 2021
Abstract
Contamination of arsenic (As) presents a health hazard that affects home gardeners neighbouring contaminated environments. The use of chitosan-modified biochar was investigated to immobilise As(V) from aqueous solution and zucchini seedlings (cv. Courgette d’Italie) were grown as a test crop. The results of characterisation revealed that the presence of chitosan on biochar (BR) surface improved its efficiency of As(V) immobilisation from the contaminated environment. A sorption study further showed that compared with the BR, (BR-C) chitosan-modified biochar (0.1 g) depicted the increased immobilisation of As(V) (10 ppm) from solution. Both Langmuir and Freundlich models fitted well, showing monolayer as well as multilayer sorption. BR-C showed a high Langmuir arsenic sorption capacity of 57.83 mg/g, which effectively decreased the level of As(V) toxicity. As demonstrated in results, As-stress reduced plant growth, seedling length, photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugar, increased hydrogen peroxide contents, and electrolyte leakage percentage. Simultaneously, BR and BR-C were effective against As(V) stress-induced changes in the zucchini plant. Collectively, the results of this study indicate that the modification of BR with chitosan can efficiently immobilised arsenic in the root medium and enhance growth of zucchini under controlled conditions by reducing the uptake of As(V).
Keywords: As, contamination, chitosan, biochar, zucchini, adsorption, arsenic(V).
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