Grain mineral composition of Argentinean-adapted wheat cultivars: a case study
Iván D’Amico A B , Mauro Silva A , Jorge I. Moriconi C , Guillermo E. Santa-María C , Carlos T. Bainotti D and Facundo Tabbita
A E F
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Las Cabañas y los Reseros s/n, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
B Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET).
C Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), CONICET, and Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
D INTA Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez, Ruta 12 km 3, C.P. 2580, Marcos Juárez, Córdoba, Argentina.
E Cátedra de Genética, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
F Corresponding author. Email: tabbita.facundo@inta.gob.ar
Crop and Pasture Science 72(2) 113-124 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP20380
Submitted: 28 September 2020 Accepted: 4 December 2020 Published: 23 February 2021
Abstract
Improvement of the nutritional quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has been quite challenging, due, in part, to the limited variation found in modern cultivars and the strong effect exerted by the environment, which hinder the selection process. The aim of this study was to characterise the mineral profile of grains of 35 Argentinean-adapted, mostly spring wheat cultivars in two successive years. Concentrations of most mineral nutrients in grains spanned approximately a two-fold range. Our study revealed a strong effect of the environment, but also that some key differences among genotypes are maintained over years. Correlation and principal component analyses showed the existence of a strong and stable association of variables determining the global elemental profile in grains of the wheat lines under analysis. In this regard, some cultivars displayed, over successive years, opposite global patterns of elemental composition, suggesting the existence of a genotype dependent ionome signature. Important negative correlations were found for the concentration of most, but not all, nutrients with yield, thus indicating a potential compromise among beneficial traits. The genotypic variation characterised in the present study has potential to be used in breeding programs aimed at improving wheat grain quality.
Keywords: micronutrients, plant genetic resources, wheat quality.
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