Nickel effect on root-meristem cell division in Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae) seedlings
Dolja Pavlova
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
University of Sofia, Faculty of Biology, Department of Botany, Boulevard Dragan Tzankov 8, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria. Email: pavlova@biofac.uni-sofia.bg
Australian Journal of Botany 65(5) 446-452 https://doi.org/10.1071/BT17054
Submitted: 26 March 2017 Accepted: 19 July 2017 Published: 24 August 2017
Abstract
The toxic effect of nickel (Ni) on cell division on root-meristem cells in seedlings of Plantago lanceolata L. was studied and compared. Seed material was collected from serpentine and non-serpentine populations of the species distributed in the Rhodope Mountains, Bulgaria. The root-tip meristem cells of germinated seeds were treated with different solutions of 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 mM Ni as NiSO4 6H2O with distilled water for 24 h and 48 h respectively. The mitotic index decreased when Ni concentrations and exposure time increased in both type of samples. Significant differences in the mitotic indexes were found between the controls and the roots treated with Ni. The mitotic index was higher in root-meristem cells of serpentine seedlings. C-mitosis, anaphase bridges, chromosome stickiness, laggards and extrusion of nuclear material into the cytoplasm were observed in the root-tip cells treated with Ni. The percentage of aberrations generally increased in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The percentage of the extruded nuclei was higher in cells treated with 0.05 and 0.1 mM Ni. It can be concluded that P. lanceolata seedlings on serpentine can tolerate higher Ni concentrations than can non-serpentine seedlings.
Additional keywords: abnormalities, adaptation, karyotype, mitosis, nickel toxicity.
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