Aeluropus littoralis maintains adequate gas exchange, pigment composition and phenolic contents under combined effects of salinity and phosphorus deficiency
Ons Talbi Zribi A E , Kamel Hessini A B , Najla Trabelsi C , Fethia Zribi A , Abdelwahed Hamdi A , Riadh Ksouri D and Chedly Abdelly A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Laboratoire des Plantes Extrêmophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cédria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisie.
B Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 888, Saudi Arabia.
C Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l’olivier, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cédria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisie.
D Laboratoire des Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cédria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisie.
E Corresponding author. Email: onstalbi_zribi@yahoo.fr
Australian Journal of Botany 65(5) 453-462 https://doi.org/10.1071/BT17089
Submitted: 20 May 2017 Accepted: 19 July 2017 Published: 17 August 2017
Abstract
Salinity and phosphorus (P) deficiency are important environmental factors that decrease plant growth and productivity throughout the world. These two stresses frequently coexist in calcareous salt-affected soils. To better understand how plants adapt to these combined stresses, we investigated the interactive effects of salinity and P availability on photosynthetic activity, leaf pigment, phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity in Aeluropus littoralis (Gouan) Parl., a promising C4 monocotyledonous halophyte that usually grows in dry salty areas or marshes. Plants were grown hydroponically under low or sufficient P supply (5 or 180 µM KH2PO4 respectively), with or without 400 mM NaCl. When individually applied, salinity and P deficiency stresses significantly restricted shoot and root relative growth rate, with a more marked effect of the former stress. However, the effects of the two stresses combined were non-additive on plant growth. Our results showed that salinity and P deficiency stresses applied individually or combined have no significant effect on CO2 assimilation rate, instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUEi), and leaf malondialdehyde content. Chlorophyll, carotoneoids, anthocyanins and phenolics content increased significantly under both P shortage and salt stresses applied individually or combined. Furthermore, a strong correlation was found between both total antioxidant capacity and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity and shoot phenolics and carotenoids contents. These results suggest that the ability of A. littoralis to cope with both P deficiency and high salt stresses is a result of several mechanisms mainly involved in the conservation of the integrity of the photosynthetic apparatus. Secondary metabolites – mainly phenolic compounds and carotenoids – play an important role in the protection of A. littoralis plants against oxidative damage under combined high salinity and P deficiency stresses.
Additional keywords: halophytes, leaf pigments, photosynthesis, secondary metabolites, water use efficiency.
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