Differential biochemical responses of Calliandra brevipes (Fabaceae, Mimosoidae) to galling behaviour by Tanaostigmodes ringueleti and T. mecanga (Hymenoptera, Tanaostigmatidae)
Michelle de Lima Detoni A D , Eveline Gomes Vasconcelos A , Elita Scio A , Jair Adriano Kopke de Aguiar A , Rosy Mary dos Santos Isaias B and Geraldo Luiz Gonçalves Soares A CA Departamento de Bioquímica/Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética e Biotecnologia), ICB, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, Bairro Cidade Universitária, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-330, Brazil.
B Departamento de Botânica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
C Departamento de Botânica, IB, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
D Corresponding author. Email: michelledetoni@yahoo.com.br
Australian Journal of Botany 58(4) 280-285 https://doi.org/10.1071/BT09213
Submitted: 14 November 2009 Accepted: 19 March 2010 Published: 22 June 2010
Abstract
Two species of Tanaostigmodes, T. ringueleti and T. mecanga, induce two distinct gall morphotypes in Calliandra brevipes Benth. (Fabaceae: Mimosoidae), namely a globose and a fusiform one. Secondary and primary metabolism of the two galls was compared with that of the stem tissue of the host plant. Phytochemical screening of gall samples revealed that triterpenoids were exclusive of the globose gall, and sterols exclusive of the fusiform gall, whereas saponins were absent in both galls. Flavonoid content in the globose gall was significantly lower than that in the fusiform gall. As expected, high antioxidant activity was observed in the fusiform gall, which was associated with the high flavonoid content. Protein analyses showed the presence of specific polypeptides in globose (97, 75, 34 kDa) and fusiform (40, 33 kDa) galls. Sucrose, glucose and fructose contents were 1.4–3.3 times higher in the globose-gall than in non-galled tissue, whereas in the fusiform gall, fructose content was 2-fold increased. The interactions between the host and the two Tanaostigmodes showed both similarities and differences between them, and with the non-galled tissue. Taken together, the results suggested that the two gall inducers co-inhabiting C. brevipes are capable of manipulating the primary and secondary metabolism differentially for their own benefit and, thus, the nutritive hypothesis was reinforced.
Acknowledgements
This project was supported in part by grants from the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Profissional de Ensino Superior (CAPES). Detoni ML was recipient of IC and Masters Degree fellowships from the BIC, PIBIC, BCCG/UFJF and CAPES. We thank Dr M. A. Furtado and J. M. Andrade from the Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora for technical assistance.
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