Alien genetic resources for wheat leaf rust resistance, cytogenetic transfer, and molecular analysis*
B. S. Gill A C , L. Huang B , V. Kuraparthy A , W. J. Raupp A , D. L. Wilson A and B. Friebe AA Wheat Genetic and Genomic Resources Center (WGGRC), Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5502, USA.
B Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150, USA.
C Corresponding author. Email: bsgill@ksu.edu
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59(3) 197-205 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR07315
Submitted: 28 August 2007 Accepted: 7 November 2007 Published: 11 March 2008
Abstract
Wild relatives of wheat are useful sources of alien resistance genes for wheat breeding. The objective of this review is to document research on the evaluation, transfer, and molecular analysis of alien resistance to wheat leaf rust especially in Aegilops tauschii, the diploid D-genome donor of common wheat. Nine named resistance genes (Lr1, Lr2, Lr15, Lr21, Lr22, Lr32, Lr34, Lr39, and Lr42) occur in the D genome. Twelve new leaf rust resistance genes have been documented in Ae. tauschii. The south-west Caspian Sea region is the centre of genetic diversity for seedling resistance. Adult-plant resistance is widespread in all geographic regions and should be exploited more in the future. Lr1 and Lr21 have been cloned and are typical NBS-LRR genes. The recent documentation of cryptic introgressions of Lr57/Yr40 from Ae. geniculata and Lr58 from Ae. triuncialis offers exciting possibilities for transferring alien genes without linkage drag. Both Lr21 and Lr34 presumably arose during or following the origin of common wheat ~8000 years ago. Leaf rust resistance genes often are located towards the physical ends of wheat chromosomes. These regions are known to be high in recombination, and this may explain their rapid rate of evolution.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by a USDA special grant to the WGGRC and a grant from the Kansas Wheat Commission. We are grateful to R. A. McIntosh for a critical review of the draft manuscript. This is contribution 07–121-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan.
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* This paper is part of ‘Global Landscapes in Cereal Rust Control’, see Aust. J. Agric. Res. Vol. 58, no. 6.
