Effect of dietary supplementation with Acacia karroo leaves on fatty acid profiles and consumer sensory attributes of Xhosa lop-eared goats under artificial haemonchosis
U. Marume A , A. Hugo B , M. Chimonyo C F , V. Muchenje D and K. Dzama E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Animal Science, North West University, P. Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
B Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, Republic of South Africa.
C Discipline of Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.
D Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
E Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P. Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
F Corresponding author. Email: chimonyo@ukzn.ac.za
Animal Production Science 52(12) 1099-1106 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN12097
Submitted: 3 August 2011 Accepted: 28 June 2012 Published: 18 September 2012
Abstract
The effect of Acacia karroo supplementation on fatty acid profiles and sensory attributes of Xhosa lop-eared goats meat was evaluated in 18 4-month-old goats exposed to a single dose of 6000 L3 Haemonchus contortus larvae. The goats were allotted into two groups: non-supplemented (NSP) and supplemented (AK). The AK goats received 200 g of fresh A. karroo leaves. At the end of the experiment, all the goats were slaughtered to determine the fatty acid profiles and sensory perceptions. Faecal larval counts decreased significantly in the AK group as the infection progressed, while it increased in the NSP group. At necropsy, the NSP group had significantly higher worm counts than the AK group. The AK group contained significantly higher (P < 0.05) amounts of intramuscular fat and had almost twice (P < 0.05) the total polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid/monounsaturated fatty acid ratio. Furthermore, the AK goats also had higher amounts (P < 0.05) of n-3. Mean sensory scores for juiciness and tenderness were superior in the AK goats (P < 0.05). In conclusion, A. karroo supplementation positively influenced the fatty acid composition and sensory attributes of chevon from goats infected with H. contortus.
References
Aldai N, Na’jera AI, Dugan MER, Celaya R, Osoro K (2007) Characterisation of intramuscular and subcutaneous adipose tissues in yearling bulls of different genetic groups. Meat Science 76, 682–691.| Characterisation of intramuscular and subcutaneous adipose tissues in yearling bulls of different genetic groups.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXkslait7o%3D&md5=8b79f0a71907b05f315fba050f0e62aeCAS |
Alfaia CMM, Castro MLF, Martins SIV, Portugal APV, Alves SPA, Fontes CMGA, Bessa RJB, Prates JAM (2007) Effect of slaughter season on fatty acid composition, conjugated linoleic acid isomers and nutritional value of intramuscular fat in Barrosã-PDO veal. Meat Science 75, 44–52.
| Effect of slaughter season on fatty acid composition, conjugated linoleic acid isomers and nutritional value of intramuscular fat in Barrosã-PDO veal.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtVyitL7F&md5=c7d2b08443643606f96935187f300b7bCAS |
Alonso-Diaz MA, Torres-Acosta JFJ, Sandoval-Castro CA, Hoste H, Aguilar-Caballero AJ, Capetillo-Leal CM (2008) Is goats’ preference of forage trees affected by their tannin or fiber content when offered in cafeteria experiments. Animal Feed Science and Technology 141, 36–48.
AOAC (2003) ‘Official methods of analysis.’ 14th edn. (Association of Analytical Chemists: Washington, DC)
Arsenos G, Kufidis D, Zygoyiannis D, Katsaounis N, Stamataris C (2006) Fatty acid composition of lambs of indigenous dairy Greek breeds of sheep as affected by post-weaning nutritional management and weight at slaughter. Meat Science 73, 55–65.
| Fatty acid composition of lambs of indigenous dairy Greek breeds of sheep as affected by post-weaning nutritional management and weight at slaughter.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtFWgtrg%3D&md5=9880d0c3a17734a86cbaf7bce22365ebCAS |
Arsenos G, Fortomaris P, Papadopoulos E, Sotiraki S, Stamataris C, Zygoyiannis D (2009) Growth and meat quality of kids of indigenous Greek goats (Capra prisca) as influenced by dietary protein and gastrointestinal nematode challenge. Meat Science 82, 317–323.
| Growth and meat quality of kids of indigenous Greek goats (Capra prisca) as influenced by dietary protein and gastrointestinal nematode challenge.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXktlyqtbs%3D&md5=400b8ba8b25d6b040ceefeb728757f96CAS |
Aumont G, Poisot F, Saminadin G, Borel H, Alendra H (1994) Body condition score and adipose cell size determination for in vivo assessment of body composition and post-mortem predicators of carcass components of Creole goats. Small Ruminant Research 15, 295–297.
Bakare AG, Chimonyo M (2011) Seasonal variation in time spent foraging by indigenous goat genotypes in a semi-arid rangeland in South Africa. Livestock Science 135, 251–256.
| Seasonal variation in time spent foraging by indigenous goat genotypes in a semi-arid rangeland in South Africa.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Banskalieva V, Sahlu T, Goetsch X (2000) Fatty acid composition of goat muscles and fat depots: a review. Small Ruminant Research 37, 255–268.
| Fatty acid composition of goat muscles and fat depots: a review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bas P, Dahbi E, El Aich A, Morand-Fehr P, Araba A (2005) Effect of feeding on fatty acid composition of muscles and adipose tissues in young goats raised in the Argan tree forest of Morocco. Meat Science 71, 317–326.
| Effect of feeding on fatty acid composition of muscles and adipose tissues in young goats raised in the Argan tree forest of Morocco.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmvVCnsbs%3D&md5=4312ca959b249abe5c94e1413604eefbCAS |
Bath GF, van Wyk JA, Pettey KP (2005) Control measures for some important and unusual goat diseases in southern Africa. Small Ruminant Research 60, 127–140.
| Control measures for some important and unusual goat diseases in southern Africa.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Baublits RT, Brown AH, Jr Pohlman FW, Rule DC, Johnson ZB, Onks DO, Murrieta CM, Richards CJ, Loveday HD, Sandelin BA, Pugh RB (2006) Fatty acid and sensory characteristics of beef from three biological types of cattle grazing cool-season forages supplemented with soyhulls. Meat Science 72, 100–107.
| Fatty acid and sensory characteristics of beef from three biological types of cattle grazing cool-season forages supplemented with soyhulls.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtFersrfE&md5=2b3ac2cfdb549dff57bd1ccb7bea7fadCAS |
Bonsi MLK, Osuji PO, Nsahlai IV, Tuah AK (1994) Graded levels of Sesbania sesban and Leucaena leucocephala as supplements to teff straw given to Ethiopian Menz sheep. Animal Production 59, 235–244.
Brunet S, Jackson F, Hoste H (2008) Effects of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) extract and monomers of condensed tannins on the association of abomasal nematode larvae with fundic explants. International Journal for Parasitology 38, 783–790.
Calkins CR, Hodgen JM (2007) A fresh look at meat flavour. Meat Science 77, 63–80.
| A fresh look at meat flavour.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXmvVOgtrw%3D&md5=3f44233cf5fdb749d3664341469c406fCAS |
Coop RL, Kyriazakis I, Huntley JF, Jackson E, Jackson F (1997) The influence of protein and amino acids on the resilience of sheep to intestinal parasitism. In ‘Proceedings of the 4th international congress of sheep veterinarians, Armidale, NSW, Australia’. pp. 196–198.
De Smet S, Raes K, Demeyer D (2004) Meat fatty acid composition as affected by fatness and genetic factors: a review. Animal Research 53, 81–98.
| Meat fatty acid composition as affected by fatness and genetic factors: a review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXltFymtrs%3D&md5=7455325f0666734a1b33929c7c9abacfCAS |
Esper RJ, Nordaby RA, Vilariño JO, Paragano A, Cacharrón JL, Machado RA (2006) Endothelial dysfunction: a comprehensive appraisal. Cardiovascular Diabetology 5, 4
| Endothelial dysfunction: a comprehensive appraisal.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Folch J, Lees M, Sloane-Stanely GH (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids fromanimal tissues. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 226, 497–507.
Giner-Chavez BI, Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lascano C, Reed JD, Pell AN (1997) A method for isolating condensed tannins from crude protein plant extracts with trivalent ytterbium. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 74, 359–368.
| A method for isolating condensed tannins from crude protein plant extracts with trivalent ytterbium.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXks1ajs74%3D&md5=08426bc66309762e28d3cd9e56eb03a2CAS |
Grundy SM, Denke MA (1990) Dietary influences on serum lipids. Journal of Lipid Research 31, 1149–1172.
Higgs J (2002) The nutritional quality of meat. In ‘Meat processing – improving quality’. (Eds J Kerry, D Ledward) pp. 64–92. (Woodhead Publishing Ltd: Cambridge, England)
Hoste H, Jackson F, Athanasiadou S, Thamsborg SM, Hoskin SO (2006) The effects of tannin-rich plants on parasitic nematodes in ruminants. Trends in Parasitology 22, 253–261.
| The effects of tannin-rich plants on parasitic nematodes in ruminants.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XlvF2ltLg%3D&md5=00027c0277ff41f35838fc2583fd4d0cCAS |
Jiménez-Colmenero F, Carballo J, Cofrades S (2001) Healthier meat and meat products: their role as functional foods. Meat Science 59, 5–13.
| Healthier meat and meat products: their role as functional foods.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Kahiya C, Mukaratirwa S, Thamsborg SM (2003) Effects of Acacia nilotica and Acacia karroo diets on Haemonchus contortus infection in goats. Veterinary Parasitology 115, 265–274.
| Effects of Acacia nilotica and Acacia karroo diets on Haemonchus contortus infection in goats.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3szpvFGjsw%3D%3D&md5=645e4ee62cf53c05dbe1a8463f61ee40CAS |
Kramer JK, Blackadar CB, Zhou J (2002) Evaluation of two GC columns (60m Supelcowax 10 and 100 m CP Sil 88) for analysis of milk fat with emphasis on CLA, 18 : 1, 18 : 2 and 18 : 3 isomers, and short and long-chain fatty acids. Lipids 37, 823–835.
| Evaluation of two GC columns (60m Supelcowax 10 and 100 m CP Sil 88) for analysis of milk fat with emphasis on CLA, 18 : 1, 18 : 2 and 18 : 3 isomers, and short and long-chain fatty acids.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XnsFKgsbc%3D&md5=e257163c2d054d44ec815c042a5c13c2CAS |
Lee HJ, Kannan G, Kouakou B (2006) Concentration and distribution of conjugated linoleic acid and trans-fatty acids in small ruminant milk and meat lipids. Journal of Food Lipids 13, 100–111.
| Concentration and distribution of conjugated linoleic acid and trans-fatty acids in small ruminant milk and meat lipids.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtlSntbjK&md5=f0411110b930e5b8260dfb9a025956b1CAS |
Lee JH, Kouakou B, Kannan G (2008) Chemical composition and quality characteristics of chevon from goats fed three different post-weaning diets. Small Ruminant Research 75, 177–184.
| Chemical composition and quality characteristics of chevon from goats fed three different post-weaning diets.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Littell RC, Milliken GA, Stroup WW, Wolfinger RD (1996) ‘SAS system for mixed models.’ (SAS Institute Inc.: Cary, NC)
Mahgoub O, Khan AJ, Al-Maqbaly RS, Al-Sabahi JN, Annamalai K, Al-Sakry NM (2002) Fatty acid composition of muscle and fat tissues of Omani Jebel Akhdar goats of different sexes and weights. Meat Science 61, 381–387.
Mapiye C, Chimonyo M, Dzama K, Hugo A, Strydom PE, Muchenje V (2011) Fatty acid composition of beef from Nguni steers supplemented with Acacia karroo leaf-meal. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis
| Fatty acid composition of beef from Nguni steers supplemented with Acacia karroo leaf-meal.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Martínez T (2002) Summer feeding strategy of Spanish ibex Capra pyrenaica and domestic sheep Ovis aries in south-eastern Spain. Acta Theriologica 47, 479–490.
| Summer feeding strategy of Spanish ibex Capra pyrenaica and domestic sheep Ovis aries in south-eastern Spain.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Marume U, Chimonyo M, Dzama K (2011) A preliminary study on the responses to experimental Haemonchus contortus infection in indigenous goat genotypes. Small Ruminant Research 95, 70–74.
| A preliminary study on the responses to experimental Haemonchus contortus infection in indigenous goat genotypes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Min BR, Pomroy WE, Hart SP, Sahlu T (2004) The effect of short term consumption of a forage containing condensed tannins on gastro-intestinal nematode parasite infections in grazing weather goats. Small Ruminant Research 51, 279–283.
| The effect of short term consumption of a forage containing condensed tannins on gastro-intestinal nematode parasite infections in grazing weather goats.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Muchenje V, Dzama K, Chimonyo M, Strydom PE, Hugo A, Raats JG (2008) Sensory evaluation and its relationship to physical meat quality attributes of beef from Nguni and Bonsmara steers raised on natural pasture. Animal 2, 1700–1706.
| Sensory evaluation and its relationship to physical meat quality attributes of beef from Nguni and Bonsmara steers raised on natural pasture.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BC38vptFaqtQ%3D%3D&md5=aed653d2a0c5cc4131097c3609f8cf03CAS |
Muchenje V, Dzama K, Chimonyo M, Strydom PE, Hugo A, Raats JG (2009) Some biochemical aspects pertaining to beef eating quality and consumer health: a review. Food Chemistry 112, 279–289.
| Some biochemical aspects pertaining to beef eating quality and consumer health: a review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXpt1eiur8%3D&md5=9e5e06dd4cc1cc0e4b81dc4bc06b2a2dCAS |
NRC (2007) ‘Nutrient requirements of small ruminants.’ (National Academy Press: Washington, DC)
Nyamukanza CC, Scogings PF (2008) Sprout selection and performance of goats fed Acacia karroo coppices in the False Thornveld of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Animal Science 38, 83–90.
Osuji P, Odenyo A (1997) The role of legume forages as supplements to low quality roughages – ILRI experience. Animal Feed Science and Technology 69, 27–38.
Park Y, Albright KJ, Cai ZY, Pariza MW (2001) Comparison of methylation rocedures for conjugated linoleic acid and artefact formation by commercial (trimethylsilyl) diazomethane. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 49, 1158–1164.
| Comparison of methylation rocedures for conjugated linoleic acid and artefact formation by commercial (trimethylsilyl) diazomethane.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXhtFWqu7w%3D&md5=b642808665b0eade4ef8a0c724d8630aCAS |
Perry BD, Randolph RF, McDermott JJ, Sones KR, Thornton PK (2002) ‘Investing in animal health research to alleviate poverty.’ (International Livestock Research Institute: Nairobi, Kenya)
Rao VK, Kowale BN, Verma AK (2003) Effect of feeding water washed neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel cake on the quality, lipid profile and fatty acid composition of goat meat. Small Ruminant Research 47, 213–219.
| Effect of feeding water washed neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel cake on the quality, lipid profile and fatty acid composition of goat meat.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XovFejsbY%3D&md5=577eae35d4b70ef801c8d7f018fe394dCAS |
Razminowicz RH, Kreuzer M, Scheeder MRL (2006) Quality of retail beef from two grass-based production systems in comparison with conventional beef. Meat Science 73, 351–361.
| Quality of retail beef from two grass-based production systems in comparison with conventional beef.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BC3MbnsVyhuw%3D%3D&md5=8c7a129f690c3a30122d5505ced5df33CAS |
Rumosa Gwaze F, Chimonyo M, Dzama K (2009) Prevalence and loads of gastrointestinal parasites of goats in the communal areas of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Small Ruminant Research 84, 132–134.
| Prevalence and loads of gastrointestinal parasites of goats in the communal areas of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
SAS (2003) ‘SAS/STAT guide to personal computers. Version 6.’ (Statistical Analysis System Institute Inc: Cary, NC)
Scollan N, Richardson I, Moloney A, Dannenberger D, Hocquette JF, Nuernberg K (2006) Innovations in beef production systems that enhance the nutritional and health value of beef lipids and their relationship with meat quality. Meat Science 74, 17–33.
| Innovations in beef production systems that enhance the nutritional and health value of beef lipids and their relationship with meat quality.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xms1Grsb8%3D&md5=8d5c0c29cdb8a632178bcd152ee4a102CAS |
Sharma DK, Chauhan PPS, Agrawal RD (2001) Changes in level of serum enzymes and total protein during experimental haemonchosis in Barbari goats. Small Ruminant Research 42, 119–123.
| Changes in level of serum enzymes and total protein during experimental haemonchosis in Barbari goats.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Simopoulos AP, Leaf A, Salem N (1999) Essentiality of fatty acids and recommended dietary intakes for omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism 43, 127–130.
| Essentiality of fatty acids and recommended dietary intakes for omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXkvFWgurg%3D&md5=f3fecb518863f38d02fbb60b940c00acCAS |
Sloss MW, Kemp RL, Zajac AM (1994) Fecal examination: dogs and cats. In ‘Veterinary clinical parasitology’. 6th edn. pp. 17–44. (Iowa State University Press: Ames, IA)
Sykes AR, Greer AW (2003) Effects of parasitism on the nutrient economy of sheep. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 43, 1393–1398.
| Effects of parasitism on the nutrient economy of sheep.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Talpur FN, Bhanger MI, Sherazi STH (2008) Intramuscular fatty acid profile of longissimus dorsi and semitendinosus muscle from Pateri goats fed under traditional feeding system of Sindh, Pakistan. Meat Science 80, 819–822.
| Intramuscular fatty acid profile of longissimus dorsi and semitendinosus muscle from Pateri goats fed under traditional feeding system of Sindh, Pakistan.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtVKmtbnI&md5=ca46a62607e426dbb6c3a81bba47448cCAS |
Terrill TH, Rowan AM, Douglas GB, Barry TN (1992b) Determination of extractable and bound condensed tannin concentration in forage plants, protein concentrate meals and cereal grains. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 58, 321–329.
| Determination of extractable and bound condensed tannin concentration in forage plants, protein concentrate meals and cereal grains.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK38XksVKrtro%3D&md5=5fe235ecf4bf676852c1e5411c2e5a24CAS |
Todaro M, Carrao A, Alicata ML, Schinelli R, Giaccone P, Priolo A (2004) Effect of litter size and sex on meat quality traits of kid meat. Small Ruminant Research 54, 191–196.
| Effect of litter size and sex on meat quality traits of kid meat.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Vasta V, Mele M, Makkar HPS, Priolo A (2009a) Ruminal biohydrogenation as affected by tannins in vitro. The British Journal of Nutrition 102, 82–92.
| Ruminal biohydrogenation as affected by tannins in vitro.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXpt1ensLo%3D&md5=165e3e184425d942d43c392b7513096dCAS |
Vicenti A, Ragni M, Ginnico F, Vonghia G, Zezza L (2001) Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in bottle feeding for rearing kids. 2. Effects on the chemical composition and fatty acid profile of meat. Zootecnia e Nutrizione Animale 27, 23–32.
Waghorn GC, McNabb WC (2003) Consequences of plant phenolic compounds for productivity and health of ruminants. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 62, 383–392.
| Consequences of plant phenolic compounds for productivity and health of ruminants.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmt1Gmu7Y%3D&md5=d0f43befdcd317bb04b4e32aa9d1d6ebCAS |
Xhomfulana V, Mapiye C, Chimonyo M, Marufu MC (2009) Supplements containing Acacia karroo foliage reduce nematode burdens in Nguni and crossbred cattle. Animal Production Science 49, 646–653.
| Supplements containing Acacia karroo foliage reduce nematode burdens in Nguni and crossbred cattle.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Yacob HT, Basazine BK, Basu AK (2008) Experimental concurrent infection of Afar breeds goats with Oestrus ovis (L1) and Haemonchus contortus (L3): interaction between parasite populations, changes in parasitological and basic haematological parameters. Experimental Parasitology 120, 180–184.
| Experimental concurrent infection of Afar breeds goats with Oestrus ovis (L1) and Haemonchus contortus (L3): interaction between parasite populations, changes in parasitological and basic haematological parameters.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtFaqs77E&md5=069fdbfc480770ba3c2d8ffd1f7f8a29CAS |
