Risk reduction through advanced leak management

Abstract

Leaks of hydrocarbon to the atmosphere can be a major facility safety risk and personnel occupational health and safety (OHS) risk for oil and gas producing and processing facilities. Normally closed valves that pass or leak in-line are also a major contributor to product loss and facility risk.

Component failures of these types have two common and challenging features: they are hard to find among the tens of thousands of potential leak sources, and the leakage rates either to the atmosphere or in-line can vary from minor to potentially catastrophic.

In the past seven to eight years, advanced methods for finding and managing leaks resulting from poor component integrity have been developed. This paper covers some of ATMECO’s accumulated knowledge developed over many leak surveys of both onshore and offshore oil and gas facilities. Typical statistical profiles of leaks from uncontrolled facilities are presented. The types of component failure that lead to leaks are discussed along with probabilistic analyses relating to the next likely failure.

Technologies of leak detection are reviewed, highlighting benefits and problems. Also discussed are the prerequisite data capture and management systems needed for a competent, robust and auditable system to manage component integrity.

Gas imaging technology is becoming one of the core hydrocarbon leak detection tools and also assists greatly in the analyses of leaks and in providing valuable input to remedial actions.

Survey design requirements for continuing and cost-effective component leak risk management are reviewed. Recommendations are provided about the preferred methods and management structures for programs designed to minimise component integrity risks.