INITIAL REVIEW OF THE BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND PETROLEUM SYSTEMS AROUND THE TASMAN SEA HYDROCARBON-PRODUCING BASINS

Abstract

Understanding the genesis and habitat of hydrocarbons in a sedimentary basin takes knowledge of that basin at many levels, from basic infill geology to petroleum systems, plays, prospects and detailed sequence stratigraphy. While geophysics can define the basins and their internal structures, biostratigraphy and paleogeography provide greater understanding of basin geology. Micropaleontology and palynology are the chief tools that we need to define both the environment and dimension of time.

As an example, the reconstruction of the Tasman Sea region to the mid-Cretaceous (ca 120 Ma) shows that the hydrocarbon-producing Gippsland and Taranaki petroleum basins developed at similar latitudes and in similar geological contexts. Other basins within the region have been lightly explored and need evaluation as to the value of further exploration.

As paleontology has developed separately in Australia and New Zealand, comparison of biostratigraphic zones and their chronostratigraphy is critical to understand the similarity or otherwise of the sedimentary record of the two regions. Recent refinement of the NZ timescale and comparative studies on Gippsland Basin wells by NZ paleontologists have provided some key insights that enable us to compare the geological history of both regions more closely, and to recognise similarities in petroleum systems that may enhance petroleum prospects on both sides of the Tasman Sea.